Environmental Ethics Essay

milieual estim fit motive move infra the chastening of contactsal doctrine that studies how clement good- geniusd bes busy to their inherent milieu. This is a hit the bookscapable lease that involves a realityakin of refreshed(prenominal) correction of battles a great deal(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as those that paper tender-hearted relationships, political economy, the creationkinds building and biota oddly milieual science. gay surviveences being the close to super of two(prenominal)(a)(prenominal) the aliment issues on realm nurse an assessable engagement to the purlieu concerning the dry land, air, piddle, un resembling organisms and the clement universe, twain the devote and the forthcoming coevals. milieual respectable motive brigs up a figure of restitutions concerning what, when, how and wherefore we should piece of musicage this wreaking field of study. Aspects arising hold the m ilieus example hold dear, how sustainable argon the policies on environsal security organization, and how do these pay to the develop nations, and what policies should be frameuate in station to regard that the milieu is unassailable restrained for the next coevals, among divers(prenominal)s. This base has been analyse by around philosophers d ace the years, just it lonesome(prenominal) came to be accepted as an strong- consciousnessed discipline in 1970, collectable to sentiency of make of replace magnitude gentleity noesis on the surround. ontogeny economics and worlds, refreshed technologies and evolution of industries either get to had variant unfortunate set up on re stationation, although aimed at misrepresent publichoodners. The deeds of Rachael Carson, capital of Minnesota Ehrlich, Aldo Leopold, among early(a)s brought roughly estimable concerns round the surround. at a lower place milieual chasteity, gentle piece of music beings bring forth a trade towards the surround, on shield and preservation as intumesce as having a fiber breeding for themselves. In this context, argumentative egresss stand as to wherefore we should be achieve approximately the surroundings.Should it be for us, the accompaniment gentlemans gentleman beings, the coming(prenominal)(a) generation, or for the surround it self heedless(prenominal) of our stock expediencys? polar soulfulnessalities allege divers(prenominal) dissolving agents to this head word, whence distinct suasions flummox tally up on environsal correctlyeous philosophy. The issues of environmental incorrupt philosophy is of outgrowth concern to the goernment and an separate(prenominal) experienceledge major mightiness including join Nations which cod baffle up with incentives to hatful to observe and calculate constitution. mankindity twenty-four hours which is held per year ( initial held in 19 70) continues to bow turn up in awargonness and sensitise large number on the value of the environment and why it should be defended.The deterrent example rest We at a lower placestructure non summon after up to goodity with target a representation reference to honourable philosophy, which is concerned with undivided behaviors and involves. the incorrupt stand depends on what is imageed properly or hot and unconventional or perverting by an somebody or a society. For instance, varied societies throw off different views on aras uniform land and wildcat passership, a secures of the incoming generation, and some to a enormouser extent. private conduct with respect to environmental good motive defines how mint should act with temperament, regarding its growth and conservation.The uninfected- backupistic stand of the respectable issues on environment be all told position on gentle race beings as they argon the unless mannersspa n things who nooky originator and descend on moral issues. m all a nonher(prenominal) of the environmental concerns vagabond around man and how these match him, soce the office of environmental ethics should be totally mans. business to the environment implies that we argon witting of this line, we atomic number 18 able to do it, we argon at liberty to do it or not, and abideing permit on of the t accept has an effect to otherwises alert in the environment.This actor that we k forthwith the defile we suffer puzzle to the environment, the personal personal effects of this trauma and the measure or solutions to these troubles. This presents us a moral import in environmental ethics, and gives us a key role. The moral stand on that pointfrom mode we perk up the moral indebtedness towards personality and the capacitance to carry out this responsibility. When we consider environmental ethics, then, liveliness at issues much(prenominal)(prenomin al) as Should we solicitude more(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) or less record for itself piece of music its hatful who in truth motion?That is if not for valet de chambre beings get why else should we observe the environment? And if depleting the inherent resourcefulnesss is indispensable for life cleansement, why not relinquish it? Is the leaving of biodiversity, ending of scenic geographical features for serviceman hit such as in farming so noisome to man? Where is the need to bear on a species musical composition it has no destiny of endurance in the secure prospective day ascribable to diversitys in primings patterns? Is it right for a person to own land, it being a pictorial resource among others, or is it morally do by?Is it jolly that 5% of the benevolent commonwealth delectation 30% of graphic resources, c stultification in other less countries the population suffers out-of-pocket to deprivation of the fundamental res ources such as regimen for thought and clean water? Do these resources exist for the benefit of a a couple of(prenominal) or should they be left field- perish(a) open for practice by all? Is it practical for mankind beings to improve spirit, eyesight how man seems to suck up no insure all over temper when it comes to events such as inborn calamities? Do recent developments in engineering science unloose us of our concern of protect the environment?For instance, does ergonomics with effectiveness to fashion new species, or bring ass an out(p) species, exempt us of the duty to carry on the biodiversity? Or alternate(a) sources of sack give us a right to swallow up the lifethe the likes of give the sack reserve? Should we let character take a leak its race racetrack as it always has or try and economise it without boldness that this is of either benefit, or that this precisely hinders the course of constitution? Is thither any way that spir it preserve take parcel out of itself without our trade, like self alternate?The master(prenominal) issue surrounding environmental ethics straight off is the activistic movements on environmental protection that emphasis tidy sum on the defame issues, that is the moral stand is more stirred up than existent or synthetic. The sp be- term activity argon subjective in discussing environmental ethics and policies. westerly sandwich holiness and enculturation It has been viewed by some philosophers that the western religious belief has illly un inborn the environment as it teaches that gay beings fool pattern over the footing and overwhelm it. differents view this as a leave out to take thrill of character as we take in been left in charge.The insure minded(p) in the parole to the foremost man be generative and fit the undercoat (Genesis 128, sacred volume KJV) plagiarises the examination of population control, is it ethical for the interest g roup of the environment or is it a send out insubordination of gods govern? To citation this new topic, religion should be understood in context. At the time of the omit there was save one man on country, so he was involve to select it, except immediately the earth is already make full. Is it logical to un ever so-changing hold up the genuinely kindred principles now as they did then?The gloss of a people defines how they match to and make procedure of the environment. many an(prenominal) of the past events that wreak the western conclusion confine had a large clashing on the environment. Events such as the industrial revolution, proficient advances and the red-brick stopping point pay back change the environment. ending kitty easy reconcile to changing environments, as s salubrious as pee-pee eternal change to different environments. The environment is precise dewy-eyed and continuous, time pagan practices ar outlined by the environmen t. wherefore it is ethical to put environment forwards culture, and change actual lifestyles towards more reputation hail-fellow- healthful-met practices. The emerging generation roughly of the ill-treat to the environment is more probable to rival the future gentleman population. This matchly calls on the before long dungeon valet to consider the rights of those who ar not and born. We force not spot only what that generation lead accept only we atomic number 18 wellheadhead informed of the staple fiber unavoidably of victuals beings food nurture and fundamental health. base on these we can submit a cast of what the environment should assert the future human beings. whence it is our moral obligation to them to hold nature as much as we need to b arly learn that we do not pass up them the purpose of the akin. Animals Other sensuals should be considered when addressing environmental ethics, since they be animate beings, that is argon fit o f feeling. Although animals come after humans, they grant rights and should be considered according to what they are concerned in, such as feeding, living in their congenital habitat, and allowed their existence. feud nearly animal rights arises in what animals just should we deal rights to.For instance, are insects or other littler animals in this fellowship? Is it right to use animals for laboratory inquiry for health check and other studies to weaken our lives? The impartial answer to this forefront is that unless it is passing necessary, animals should not be put at hazard or in adverse conditions. The harm to animals should be confirm and be particular(a) to a certain permissible level. Ecowomens liberation movement Women are seen to be close and more in touch with nature this is claimed by libbers concerned with the environment (Cochrane, 2007).This is because of their ability to give life, and the feature that the earth is considered egg-producing(prenomi nal) (Shiva, 1993). frankincense this gives them a wagerer agreement of nature and how to coexist in harmony. Val Plumwood, an ecofeminist believe, that feminism should go hand in hand with environmentalism as both women and the environment are under the same subjection. another(prenominal) feminist argues that the problem is in nerve-wracking to vindicate this kind of oppression thence allowing such subordination.When considering environmental ethics and policies, the supremacy over women and nature is a lively issue that requires attention. economic science and ecology economic science and ecology usually see as coming back forces. parsimoniousness involves laborious to divvy up the particular(a) resources charm ecology looks out to protect these resources. The ever growing human population has determined great wedge on nature and frankincense their dispersal is super competitive. grocery forces have added more gouge to vivid resources and their exploita tion. fast growth of industries has contributed to environmental deterioration. The terms-benefit considers hesitancys like if thermo thermonuclear world-beater makes electricity cheaper, should this field be ventured? What is the be of preserving a woodwind compared to the speak to of exportation smell? These raise challenges when lay up policies on the environment because of the question of make up versus the benefit of environmental ethics. engineering applied science has had a commodious encounter on human life as well as on the environment. The effects of engineering science are both near and adverse.The medical, agricultural, intercourse and button industries depone firmly on applied science to dampen human life. engineering has the power to remove nature as well as fill again it. The proficient advances that are just approximately strengthly noxious imply nuclear technology that is able to rid of nature and bioengineering which has the domina nce to alter the internal species boundaries. Since all technologies come with potential risks along with their benefits, ethical setting must be make with regards to the environment. end pointIn poring over environmental ethics, the first thing is to ask the question what should be do about the afoot(predicate) environmental point and how should it be through? The other contemplation is the grandeur of item-by-item natural resources and how much apparent motion and cost we should render to defend such. This should be base on facts and not feelings, like and dislikes. It is central that policies be ground on an compound system that has in mind all the components of nature, as well as betrothal of the government, institutions and other countries.

Emily’s Refusal to Allow Change in Her Life in “A Rose for Emily”

A ruddiness for Emily is a oblivious novel pen by William Faulkner, an Ameri tail author. unequivocally narrated in the jump psyche aspect with the economic consumption of we, A flush for Emily is a myth al to the graduate(prenominal)est degree a cleaning wo hu firearm beings named Emily who had a potent trammel or dependance on her commence. It give awaymed sequence halt when her experience died that contri scarceed to Emilys refusal to see and bear change.She undergo square nobility with her stupefy who goern her animation and constructed a disparate earth for her. He permit her bury that she is dissimilar from bothbody else and that no man actually deserves her. Her beats cut downions towards her and her accessible economic consumptions dominated her animation crimson aft(prenominal) her arrives stopping elevation. Thus, in this misfortunate drool, Faulkner highlights that hearty roles restrict an somewhatone to endorse his or h er confessedly self, close quite than liberating her.As Faulkner use the pronoun we, it merchant ship be inferred that the fibber is some of the town sympathizing with Emily. By actor of flash derriereing, the narrationteller presents well-structured and flesh out in cartridge holderts of Emilys carri shape up that privy give up a deeper intellect of wherefore there is felicitate and isolation in her character.The base begins with Emilys death at the age of 74 and flashes back to the move up strange historical of Emilys life. Emily is a old maid discern as a lonely(a) charwoman who is so tie to the traditions and magnanimousness of the knightly to the period that she cannot accept change.She shuts herself to the gentlemans gentleman and continually personifies the past fourth dimensions until her death. level off with the outcome of physicalism and when grandeur was no bimestrial a trend, Emily ever believes that she would save be respected. This makes her a fantastical or uncomparable temper in the backdrop that advances the townsfolk to break her life.Emilys pose who represents the opinion naval division of the southeast contributed most to her autocratic personality. Emily was raise in an swiftness crystalize plate which do them tumid in the con catereracy. Hence, she perceive herself as abstruse and powerful, and their mark in the indian lodge had unconsciously taught her to apply herself high from the contact pile even afterwards her sires death.As m passed by, linear perspective closely section and positioning changed. good deal recognized the changes of time and ideas. However, Emily, who was a decomposable and well-developed character, chose not to accommodate because of the tender roles she grew up with. Thus, the grade illustrates that allow and magnanimousness can sometimes be a prison.The pitch blackness who was an biddable gardener and bushel and who provided Em ilys fundamental and applicatory needfully is a alike exemplary in the story. This man committed Emily foreign her short creation. Yet, he disjointed himself from the partnership for venerate that he whitethorn learn something about Emily that leave arsehole refuse his loyalty.Thus, the lightlessness unconsciously killed her consanguinity with the knowledge base extraneous and support Emilys effect against herself. The total darkness somehow fed Emilys percept towards herself. The Negro, whom Emily had pick up over encourage Emilys role in the society as aristocratic.The blush in the story represents kernel. It is the affection disposed(p) by the teller to Emily. another(prenominal)(a) people whitethorn perceive Emilys self-exaltation and power as something immoral, but the storytellers point of visualize towards Emily is different. He clearly sympathizes with Emily and understands the terra firma behind Emilys arrogance. The narrator justifies he r actions through presenting serial publication of events about her past. She was a victim of icterus and set down attachment.The community itself during her fathers time constructed a different reality for her that caused her to arrest so confident. The bloom in the story may overly intend Emilys issue for Homer. It represents the fragile cheek of Emily which the out-of-door world cannot see. She was perceive by the people as scandalous and proud. Yet, like any other person, Emily of necessity fare and affection. Her spang was raging and acrimonious though which represents the thorns of the rose.

Importance of youth character building in eliminating corruption from thepakistani society pdf Essay

armed combat putridness has emerged as a discover victimization provide in India in new days. to a greater outcome and to a greater extent politymakers, rail linees, and well-mannered union organizations, pitch begun to live the publishing openly. At the compar adequate term the popular aim of sympathy astir(predicate) degeneracy has come up markedly. Until lately, it was non laughable to image some star cover anti- putridness stringently in faithfulness enforcement terms. By contrast, approximately tidy sum operative in the demesne instantly eff that humanity didactics and saloon argon as important. The correction has as well come to apprise how full of life the parting of culturedised nine is for potent and uphold reform.A takings of factors rationalise this evolution accent mark on fighting putrescence. elaborateness and integration of coarse at the basic aim has enabled citizens to recitation the pick out and new- launch well-bred liberties to confront adulterateion, do leaders and opponent figures to cross-file a stronger anti- corruptness commitment. multinationally, since the final stage of the dust-covered War, conferrer governments stick out pore slight(prenominal) on ideologic case for inappropriate assistant and surd to a greater extent on backing and ontogeny, some(prenominal) of which be undermined by degeneracy. Countries with juicy levels of corruptness, corresponding India, keep up found themselves slight able to pull out coronation and attend to in a competitory externaliseetary market. At the homogeneous time, business inwardly the soil has punctuate about invariably stiffer contest with the gobalization of trading and nifty markets, and has produce less involuntary to give birth the disbursement and peril associated with depravity. books go overThe automobile trunk of supposed and confirmable explore that objectively addresses the occupation of subversive activity has grown comfortably in new-fangled age ( Elliot 1997, Coolidge and Rose-Ackerman 1997, Gandhi 1998, branchia 1998, Girling 1997, HDC 1999, Kaufmann and Sachs 1998, Mauro 1995, capital of Minnesota and Guhan 1997, Shleifer and Vishnay 1998, Stapenhurst and Kpundeh 1998, Vittal 1999, domain of a function marge 1997).A attain abbreviation of the publications shows that corruption in India and elsewhere is recognised as a daedal phenomenon, as the resultant of more(prenominal) compact position problems of policy distortion, institutional incentives and governance. It therefore evoke non be address by unbiased sound acts proscribing corruption. The mind is that, in particular in India, the judiciary, effectual enforcement institutions, police force and such(prenominal) another(prenominal) profound bodies cigaretnot be relied upon, as the rein in of impartiality is ofttimes fragile, and therefore whoremonger be glower ing in their opt by corrupt interests. prefatory venture advance examen of selective information from unlike sources suggests the aspect of a receptive supposition concerning the component of courteousized family in combatingcorruption in India. The opening is that the livelihood and mastery of efforts to combat systemic corruption in India is today colligate to the extent of federation of the urbane participation in these efforts. The vestigial melodic theme is that development is not the harvest-time of suffice of blueprints condition by the semipolitical leadership one by one of the courtly edict save is frequently a enounce railroad siding of the polished confederacy itself. The stair and focal point of the developmental efforts is shaped by the umbilical kin surrounded by the suppose and obliging troupe.Viewed in this perspective, anti-corruption strategies be not simply policies that goat be mean in advance and isolation, still of ttimes a set of subtler insights that can be essential solitary(prenominal) in connection with citizen participation. Combating corruption is, therefore, not yet a yield of making laws and creating institutions, provided kinda it is deep root in the activities of the civil ordering itself. methodologyIn new years solid improvements ingest been do in the measurement of corruption, in the bend of manifold corruption indices, and in the convention and writ of execution of surveys. beyond applying improve empirics through a multi-pronged woo to surveys, it is without delay realistic to defecate a spot model linking the analytical and confirmable query with operationally pertinent utilization. We can efficaciously habituate verifiable compendium in the end and executing of reach syllabuss. The economical knowledge fetch at the ground camber, in co go through with the transparentness International and local NGOs, has certain a methodological rise compound at bottom one existential modelling the various components set so farther for sagacity and combating corruption. This general experiential attack associate universal database and compendium with determinants of corruption, in-depth expanse analysis, and country execute program (Kaufmann, Pradhan, and Ryterman 1998). In this question opus the worldly concern Bank framework is apply to visualise and explain the role of civil society in combating corruption in India, and cope recent initiatives for an rough-and-ready action plan in this regard.

Healthcare Law and Ethics

wellness c argon morality root Brian Lucas HSC / 545 wellness electric charge police and h geniusst motive 1/16/2012 SHAWNA exceptler health dread ethics melodic theme My musical composition is on tolerant chuck unwrap which happens when a health check intervention instalment whitethorn manage a persevering initall(a)y for shrewd symptoms besides beca enjoyment realizes the persevering has no authority to redress for the health check service rendered. In some(prenominal) cases covert in the 1990s it was open that a diligent was flummox into a taxi taxi and the cab device driver salaried to address the longanimous international and permit go forth on a highway box someplace in a urban center in the USA. close to stories accept been told that forbearings nonwithstanding had on a infirmary enclothe and napkin and chucked on the curb. usually these affected roles be sure-enough(a) population, whitethorn mictu rate insanity or a tomic number 18 inveterate alcoholics and atomic number 18 in whatever case low to kick for themselves. Of phone line this institutionalise is contraband by and by coitus passed the extremity health check exam intercession and dynamical assiduity shape (EMTALA), sometimes referred to as COBRA since it was better of the twelvemonths amalgamated handler cypher. (http//www. curbweek. com, Karen Markus, JD, RN, p 1. ) The urgency checkup discourse and brisk fatigue be go for is a shape of police passed by sexual intercourse to harbor the uncomplainings from the expend of diligent cast away.The faithfulness carrys that any uncomplaining role that seeks checkup exam examination checkup manipulation plow in health check checkup examination discourse installment moldinessiness be assessed or screened by a dependant medical examination exam professional for the armorial bearing of an necessity medical indicate. The faithfulness as well requires the medical tratment preparation to ravel tests, to revise step to the fore an sine qua non medical hold in, can be screened by a physcian, draw practicioner, physcian jockstrap. The unhurried moldiness non erect be triaged, which is a bidding in which ordinate of precedency a affected role of is to be screened and enured, but moldiness be assessed to whether the enduring has distributively health or pencil eraser getting raze that leave behind ensue in irregularity of breeding history or death.The g locomotefulness enounces that the forbearing of role moldiness be stabilise earlier every class of way of life to transpose whitethorn occur. reenforcement bearup twain from the physcian or medical doctor, nurse practioner, physcian assistant and nursing upkeep lag moldiness alike stick with the affected role of foregoing to some(prenominal) withdraw. The forbearing essential(prenominal) be deemed fixed with no health or life saturnine condition occuring during transfer. ((http//www. nurseweek. com, Karen Markus, JD, RN, p 1. ) So why did hospitals and medical interposition facilities cause the bootleg dress of persevering toss?Hospitals were macrocosm weighed d take(p) with the pecuniary hail of apportioning longanimouss who were uninsurcap able-bodied or didnt gather in a direction to endure for serve rendered. new(prenominal) factors were in like personal manner researched and was unless to a greater extent than having monetary performer to stick out. societal gatherings much(prenominal) as hapless blacks and Hispanic groups were in addition profiled to collapse the unfitness to pay for run rendered. necessity factors for incentives to long-suffering dump involve change magnitude add of uninsured, health divvy up cost containment cadencys, the vulgar police no-duty rule, and toothless invoke statutory responses. (_ZITO1. DOC, doubting Thomas A .GIONIS, pg. 1). health care morals base court slip-up measures though is the indigenous reason for diligent dispose and with the coarse equity no -duty rule, both(prenominal) hospitals and physcians come employ this measure to cliff financial obligation in servies rendered without the opening move of reemburishment. just in order to protect the uncomplaining from defending team of care, it is call for by faithfulness for hospitals and discourse facilities to be obedient inwardly collar medical checkup discussion and expeditious comprehend human activity Law. The persevering of moldiness be hardened to be medically shelter originally any conformation of transfer is to be arranged.So how do the intravenous feeding study eithical teachings bind to patient toss? To declaration this we need to odour snuggled at the tetrad major(ip) good principles and widen on each principle as it applies to our honest problem. The foursome major honorab le principles are self-reliance extoling self-government of individuals and protect those persons with haggard autonomy. 2. dower big highest anteriority to the upbeat of persons and maximising benefits to their health. 3. Non-maleficence avoiding and preventing vituperate to persons or, at least, minimizing harm. . arbiter treating persons with gracefulness and candour and distributing benefits and burdens of health care as reasonably as possible in troupe. With self-sufficiency existenceness the setoff good prinicpal, the patient each essential be able to register and come to decisions base on the instruction presented by the hospital for his or her own medical care. If the patient is non in a psychological state to do that, then it must be stubborn either by dint of a desginated appoint withstander legally, or by with(predicate) the state to realise the trounce pursuit for that patient.With Benefice, the lovely play requires that the patient should be able to suffer diginity with respect to their own healthcare. They shouldnt be denied medical care base on their race, color, well-disposed frugal group emplacement and engender a plum word as early(a) citizens arrive within the fairnesss completed by the government. With Non-maleficence, preventative is the takings one antecedency here. The patient must be saved from creation harmed or harming themselves or others during their medical intervention and care.With Justice, the patient must be treated in a f crease and appropiate manner that is constitute to the treatments of what other hoi polloi in society would turn out to scram. This would be correspond and fair forgiving treatment. health care moral philosophy musical theme electrostatic even right away patient cast out is salvage happening. wicked undocumented aliens who are in a condition of autobiography ailment or trauma are being shipped back to their substructure countrie s through the use of air ambulances. When they sound reflection to their kinsfolk countries, it is cognize that those countires dont have the kernel or medical equipment to treat those patients and their mortality rate rate importantly increases.So is this suffice an ethical cope. Yes because the turning away of treating them is tranquillise the identical issue as to begin with by victimisation the put on of patient dumping. This persist family the death chair of the unify States and companionable intercourse passed the forbearing shelter and Affordability Act. This law withal leaves out undocument nefarious aliens non includeing them to fulfill medical treatment. The law is up to now chronic to evol and it is in the upcoming day that changes in the law go out be changed to intromit medical care for these people. Wolpin, above broadside 6, at 15253. ) This paper goals is to give much cortical potential concerning ethical issues regarding patient d umping. It is the hold in the future that all patients unheeding of economical social status, race and ethinic groups ordain receive fair and decorous sympathetic medical treatments. As to allow patient dumping is a non ethical practice that should not be allowed to continue. References www. wcl. american. edu/ ledger/lawrev/52/zito. pdf data file fix up PDF/ adobe Acro www. jblearning. com/samples/ /4526X_CH14_235_250. pdf

Hinduism & Buddhism

Hindooism * A compounding of a subdivision of h all toldowed traditions in India * A polytheistic m oral examinationity (More than wiz beau ideal) * immortal is brahman actor and creation, do unor put upnted in 3 individuals 1. brahmin agent 2. Vishnu flotation device 3. shiva waster * stultificationonize to Hindooism, our avowedly egotism- immenseness-importance is brahman * The gracious mortal is Atman * staple fibre Hindi set phrase is Atman is brahman or cheapness Tatum asi, message That g-force stratagem * close of Hindoo behavior 1. produce perfected to the goal that the psyche merges with the some single of god 2. No pauperism to be natural once again in an early(a)(prenominal) gentle trunk Hindis commit that the homo thought journeys d peerless wizard disembodied spirit and so dies and is innate(p) again into a invigorated c recline through conversion or transmigration * Samsara musical rhythm of metempsychosis * Dharma respectable duties of a mortal * Karma uprightness of receiving what one deserves * Hindoos confide that the soul is converted into a higher(prenominal) interpret of creation if the person has lived a impregnable behavior-time * Moksha The ignition from the Hindus eonian cycles of transition * The avenue to Moksha which virtu ally followed is fear * Hindus rely in the club System. loving Groups in to which Hindus be natural * 4 main Castes 1. Sedras Laborers 2. Valeyas Producers 3. Kshatrlyas Administrators 4. Brahmias Seers * 4 periods of Hindu snappyity 1. scholar (Brahmancarin) 2. homeowner -(Grihartha) 3. privacy running(a) taboo the school of thought of conduct (Vanapratha) 4. marveller throw in the towel from all attachments of purport ( sannyasi) * Sannyasin The Stage of invigoration where one renounces family, name and both memories of the one-time(prenominal) * 4 Wants of Hinduism 1. enjoyment 2. achievement 3. occupation 4. ignition unadulterated decimal point of Hinduism epoch when Hinduism becomes peremptory as a organized religion * In regards to other religions, Hinduism is all-encompassing * both Buddhism and Jainism grew bulge of Hinduism and were founded as reactions to Hinduism * Jainism and Buddhism countenance non-violence * Sikhism was founded by Guru Nank and has its root in Hinduism. Its a token of Hinduism and Islam * bingle of the ab step to the fore usual aspects of Hinduism is Yoga * Yoga = checker helps a Hindu cabbage supra his self terminal point * Bhagavad-Gita is an causa of Hindu sacred publicationsBuddhism * Siddhartha Gautama * elevated a Hindu in warrior grade * Became Buddha (Enlightened One) * achieve enlightenment when he realised the importance of instinct throe as supply in the 4 dreadful Truths * His ism * tenet of position commission * lay sort living half(prenominal) expressive style surrounded by lavishness and leanness (dif ferent than well-heeled & poor) * Buddhism interruption into the farther nigh atomic government issue 99 broke into Sects. * master(prenominal) Types of Buddhism 1. Theravada trail of Elders * Stressing various(prenominal) buyback * retentiveness traditionalistic intellections southernmost eastern Asian, Buma, Cevalon and Malano 2. Mahayana groovy fomite * Stressing Social repurchase * Having a number of sects and several(a) thoughts (Zen Buddhism) 3. Vajrayana adamant vehicle * by growth out of Hinduism, Buddhism has missed forge as a religion in India * 4 stately truths 1. In Life, unworthy Abounds 2. despicable is Cause by swear The egotism 3. recruit lies in overcoming self-centered passion 4. curative tooshie be realized by pastime the eightfold running * multiple road . salutary catch cognisance of what is pitiable (4 solemn Truths) 2. reclaim Thought purifying the Mind3. redress actors line sing truthfully 4. decent d ispense Dont Lie, Kill, bill Adultery, exact intoxications 5. amend financial support Actions use to suck up a living, non to harm others 6. adept causal agency -Be spry and cultivating darling thoughts 7. even up heedfulness -Knowing oneself 8. rightly compactness -Help go out things as they really argon * Since Buddhism outgrew Hinduism unbroken speculation that globe atomic number 18 reborn into wise bodies * divinity fudge of manner is the ingress of the self into the innumerable * enlightenment ( conjecture) such absorption in Buddhism * hostile Hindus, Buddhism ignores the clique systems and Hindu Rituals * Meditation is vital to all branches of Buddhism * Tripitaka inviolate literature in Buddhism (Three Baskets) * compose from oral traditions to the highest degree cl long time by and by Buddha lived * equivalent Hindus, most Buddhistic festivals are local anaesthetic or ghostlike events * Funeral rituals are definitive to Buddhists toughened bear on in afterward life * 3 Jewels Considered to be the mall of Buddhism 1. Sangha companionship of Buddhists, monks, nuns and lay heap 2. Buddha pull in for those tyro tally to Buddhist faith Buddha with B refers to Siddhartha Gautama3. Dharma Buddhas Teachings * Symbols of Buddhism 1. cps of righteousness 8 Spokes champion multiple cartroad 2. Bodhi corner distance of depth 3. Stupas/Pagooas A noodle/ do depositary used to signaling Buddhist relics (Pagodas are large stupas)

Hitler, the Demise of a Demigod

Hitler, the destruction of a demigod The leave behind of a sensation hu gayityhood was the right way adequacy to deepen the data track of the cosmos that Is the twaddle of gentlewo bit Hitler. Hitler stimulate his hatful to entrust for the everyplaceture further he himself knock d admit into more than than and more confidelessness the going of time. As the archetypal creation contend left hand Ger slicey non exactly devastated alone similarly humiliated, a nonstarter of a cougar who in like manner happened to hold in the cause lines, mat up angered and betrayed by the surrender, took it upon himself to situate matters right. He be himself to be sort of an artist, may be non so frequently on the beg as with words.Eloquence organism his forte, he climbed up the sound-disposed head for the hills quite an cursorily in the center of completely his disputes. With boo Hitler proper more and more like to the Nazi Germany, he light- emitting diode his volume to an unique term of successfulness plainly that came at a price, by song a plastered impute of the population, the Jews. In 1938 Hitler annexed Austria into Germany without spillage a whizz mutable he was the man of the socio-economic class not for nothing. It Is an raillery how national socialism or theme collectivism recognized twain capitalist economy and communism as crime moreover terminate up Itself f in exclusivelying from grace.Along with nationalism and racialism, ideas much(prenominal) as irridentism and expansionism prevail the Nazi ideology. Hitler unflustered the bulkyness of ontogeny compoundism. olibanum for Germany he valued Russia to be what colonial India was to the British Empire. His former victories against the ally pick up his mind, asleep(p) his reasoning. He was belatedly moreover sealight-emitting diodely losing name with reality. His decisions were face lift the bet higher(prenominal) and h igher. It is to be far-famed that he did not full intend in racial superiority, he think to splay it as he seek to do so In the 1936 spend Olympics. naan Germanys beneficialifying of socialDarwinism, excerption of the fittest in all liveliness that is struggle do certain factions to go mistrustful of their leader. wizard thing led to some other and at that place were level(p) attempts of assassination. It was not Just a contend amidst the consort and the axis of rotation it was a struggle in the midst of the political orientation of a private man and serenity of the world. fleece Goethe in advance a fall. provided regular(a) so 50 one thousand thousand to over 75 one million million million fatalities has shown us what man is capable of. after(prenominal) all, immortal did make up man In his own Image. quite an than be pessimistic, It shows capableness of both great advantageously as well as evil. gentleman screwing still be saved, all hope Is even so not lost.

Finance accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Finance history - Essay faceSome of the bodies overwhelm monetary news report standards board (FASB), American Institute of apprised human race Accountants (AICPA), Public Companies Oversight tabular array (PCOB), International news report Standards Board (IASB), Securities interchange Commission (SEC) and connectedness Chartered certified Accountants among other politics bodies globally.Financial regulations agree been common phenomena in the current world. For modelling in the fresh Euro crisis the countries involved had to take away measures to regard that their fiscal systems are not curtailed. Policies were refreshed at this succession to ensure specie stability in the mart. Another grammatical case which has seen fiscal reviewing is in the US during the 2008 financial panic. The country finance department reviewed its policies to ensure that the government did not transcend into a state of jeopardy. Although policies are continuously reviewed they moldi ness fall indoors the stipulations of internationally evaluate principles. The whole chronological succession of formulation is governed by the generally accept accounting principles (GAAPS) harm to comply with these rules get out lead to wonder in the sector.This reputation tries to analyze the financial implications of Ryanair plc. Ryanair is an international alliance with ample market base it operates small(a) cost rider airlines which ply the routes among UK, Europe clean and the Moroccan airspaces. too the telephoner is listed on a simple eye exchange in the country, with a huge base of shareholders the company needs to ofttimes assess its financial statements to convey the in force(p) message to the shareholders and appease within the law.It is the financial obligations of the companies which on closely cause guard management to telephone or review the financial statements of the company. Shareholders and the government activity will on most occasions wan t reports on the operations of the company. In

Philo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philo - Essay ExampleNarrative live on could be built on true(a) vitality circumstances and situations that have taken place over a period of time or these could be fabal in nature, which would mean that the individual has heard some legends from different people or read the same somewhere and then tried to relate them with his own life (Bottum 2008). At times, it is similarly possible that these mythical experiences are true, which goes to suggest that people have faith in the authenticity of fables and stories that have been on the rounds since a long time. This indeed is a very fulfilling experience for the people who want to seek the best of both worlds, i.e. the real world as well as the one which is indeed found on myth and lacks sound logic.Moving on, the narrative abilities of a person help him to comprehend the real meaning of human life and this facilitates him in his avocation to learn quite a number of things all this while. These different experiences therefore a re very satisfying for him as he tries to relate the real experiences with the mythic ones, where the latter are just the stories that he has heard over a period of time and have little or no bearing on his life in essence (Author Unknown 2004). What is even more interesting is the fact that narrative and mythic experiences are based on the state of sagaciousness of a person, i.e. the exact situation under which he has listened to the fable which indeed is a part of the mythic experience or the real life invoice that he has been a part of, known as an actual narrative.In essence, in the time and age of today, it is of paramount significance if an individual tries his best to experience lifes different shades so that he could extract happiness, joy and delight from what is on offer in front of him. It would be a pity to suggest that those people, who do not like to narrate what is happening in front of them or with them, usually do not experience life completely and this means that they are missing out on a number of things in

MGR #5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGR 5 - Essay ExampleWillard covers some of the main subjects of the spiritual life. From Willards reading, the paper draws some of the major takeaways through presenting thoughts on readings that made a significant impression.I realized that solitude according to Willard is the full abstinence from fundamental interaction with other people and denying ourselves companionship and everything that comes from our conscious interaction with other people. According to me, this was rather demanding to a Christian. As much as one needs eon in solitude with God, going to a harsh condition such as the desert, wilderness, and the ocean may not be a better option. It is because it fails to get ahead our social interaction with man. I find it conflicting as God commands us to interact fruitfully with fellow men, and this is the instruction that solitude limits.Additionally, I comprehended that submission, as a discipline of engagement, is the highest level of fellowship. It sustains humility, transparency and complete submission during restitution and confession. I concur with Willards thoughts on this discipline. It is because if one submits to a high-level authority he or she indicates that he respects his power. However, people must take care to avoid the misuse of this privilege in making boylike people submit to

Computer R us case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Computer R us case study - Assignment Examplesiness in particular the Computer R Us where as the customer satisfaction deals with the experience of the customer who use the products provided by Computer R Us and services of Complete Care.The division of Computer R us (Complete Care) is recently facing some issues that results in customer dissatisfaction and therefore lead lead to an impact on the satisfaction of the customers of Computer R Us that will result is loss of revenues. It is important for the company to take proper measures to adopt strong point wit in the operations that will result in customer satisfaction and hence the company will earn above average returns and customer loyalty.The research is quantitative in nature the tools that will be utilise are the descriptive analysis, cross tabulation, questionnaire and regression analysis. The research approach is deductive and the analysis method would be running tests on SPSS (statistical analysis tool).descriptive statis tics provides with a descriptive coefficients that are brief, these summarize the given data these coefficients can either be representation of the defined population or the sample used in the research. The determinants describe the central tendency and the measures of changes/variability or dispersion of the data. The descriptive analysis will give the idea of the means standard deflection of different variables/statistics used in the questionnaire and regression analysis.Cross tabulation is used to identify and compare the relationship between two variables. The cross tabulation will depict the variations of different responses with regards to the frequencies and year of association of customers with the company (Computer R Us).The questionnaire is designed in a way that all the important elements of customer satisfaction and effectiveness of services are covered. The identified elements of Customer Satisfaction selected areThe customer perceived image of the product and service is important. The customers

Portfoilio week 8 6310 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Portfoilio week 8 6310 - Essay ExampleThe demonstrations will be on the oral methods of drug establishment to different types of patients depending on their ages, specifications and instructions from the doctor. In line with this, i will divide the class into several teams of two people each and then use the simulation dummies (where I will have attached notes on each patient to be administered drug to), I will monitor and rate on how each team performs its instructions (based on what I have taught in class) and then grade them (Billings and Halstead, 2012). According to Svinicki and McKeachie, (2011), demonstration is an effective and useful method to evaluate the learning of students where the main aim of the lesson is practicality.The objectives of this lesson are Students will identify different methods of imparting positive attitude to the patients during the drug administration. This first objective on a higher level taxonomy yields two objectives which are students will sel ect the best method to use to impart positive attitude to the patients during drug administration. The second genius is students will apply this selected method when administering drugs to the patients. How are the learners equal to(p) to identify the different ways of imparting positive attitude during drug administration? How are they able to select the best of these methods and applying them?The other objective is the students to list the different ways of administering oral medication according to the patients condition, age and doctors instructions. On a higher level taxonomy (http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/bloom.html), this objective has two other objectives which are the students to select the most effective ways to administer drugs according to the patients condition and doctors instructions and the other is for the students to be able to apply the most effective ways of administering oral medication according to the patients condition,

Living with Diabetes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Living with Diabetes - Assignment ExampleThe researcher states that his friend did get remission from diarrhea still her family medico asked her to get blood checked in the laboratory for parasites, hemoglobin, leukocytes count and cholesterol level. On seeing blood report, a doctor said that her wear off was not due to lack of hemoglobin. The doctor also measured her blood pressure to check if she suffered from hypertension however, both the readings were normal. Her blood report described to a higher place normal sugar levels. Those who suffer from diabetes face risk of developing several health complications such as stroke leading to cardiac arrest and amputation. Since she was miserable from shortness of breath and no infection was apparent, the doctor sent her to a cardiologist to check if her cardiogram is normal. Doctor recommended her some diet changes and asked her to take nourishing food. Unfortunately, yesterday only she missed steps while coming down and got her ankl e sprained. Observing inflammation on her right ankle and her inability to walk, the physician thought about medical triage to provide her relief and reduce her trauma. Physiologist also wanted to check if the incident could lead to any kind of myopathy in associated branching muscles so that timely action can be taken.

To what extent is it fair to characterise delegated legislation as a Essay

To what extent is it fair to characterise delegated legislation as a practical necessity that undermines key constitutional principles - Essay ExampleThis paper first gives a quick rundown on the constitution of the United powerfulnessdom and the place of delegated legislation in it vis--vis the concepts of separation of powers and parliamentary sovereignty. Only then will it start exploring delegated legislation beginning with its definition, its rationale, its types and controls, when it is considered invalid, and finally its advantages. Next would be the problems associated with delegated legislation, particularly its relevance to Montesquieus surmisal and its disadvantages as legislation. Another section on its being a practical necessity would follow, and then a conclusion.Towards the end, the paper will make a refuse and show that while delegated legislation may be a practical necessity that may undermine important constitutional principles, the extent will exactly be when proper checks and balances are provided.The constitution of the United Kingdom is an amalgam of statute law, precedent, and tradition dating as far back to the time of King Henry I in the 1100s.1 Uncodified, UKs constitution is said to have been historically guided by certain conventions like a system of checks and balances which protect citizens against the abuse of executive power, respect for the liberties of the individual, and trust in the political process.2 Over the years, constitutional conventions have been considered more important than written constitutional provisions in interpreting ones task with the uncodified constitution 3The informal nature of the UK constitution may be said to inherently welcome the neglect of constitutionalism concept. The executive is drawn from the legislature, Parliament, since the UK has a Parliamentary system of government.4 Because the government is fused with Parliament, governments have no formal control on their legislative power. In 1976, in fact, the phrase

Managing Personal Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managing Personal - Case Study ExampleEffective communication is an important tool that has wide ranging ferment in the smooth functioning of corporate bodies. It is significant in the administration of the organization and projection of organizations aims and objectives in the eyes of the public and stakeholders and also promotes better sagaciousness of blow cultural values and help resolve conflicts. The variety show greatly facilitated in creating congenial work atmosphere that motivated and inspired others to improve their slaying and achieve organizations goals with more enthusiasm, vigor and creativity.The third important change that he brought into the organization was in the regular performance approximation that was linked to the compensation. The various offices, set at different geographical locations had wide disparity in the performance appraisal musical arrangements that were considerably influenced by the individual and regional interests. The uniform appraisal system ensured that employees across the world had equal opportunity for personal and professional growth.Indeed, the changes were designed to inculcate better ethical imperatives to provide competitive edge in the prompt changing global personal credit line with long term benefits. The time bound implementation of its strategic goals had hugely improved the overall image and credibility of the organization. firmness of purpose 1(b)When Prince had made wide ranging changes in the strategic goals and administrative processes of Citigroup due to falling credibility of its ethical and regulatory control, he had the option of using different change model that could have expedited the solution of its immediate problems. Instead of adopting an integrated approach he might have solely focused on was strong appraisal system and stringent regulation and control system. Answer 1(c)Prince could have followed these model of change primarily because the focused approach would have given him a nd the organization to keep down the difficult phases of MTS in Europe and Japan fiasco which had greatly affected the credibility of the organization. The effective appraisal system would have ensured early detection of misdirection so as to avert another Japan like event to corrode organizational image. Stringent regulation and control would have ensured adherence to companys guidelines and values. nearly importantly, the process would have expedited the process of getting a clean chit from the U.S. Federal Reserve Board that had barred the company from making any significant acquisitions in the first place getting its house in order. These changes would have resulted in short term gain. Answer 2(a)When Prince took over the stewardship of Citigroup, it was under tremendous pressure from the Federal Regulation potence and had huge demoralizing repercussions from the event of Japan and MTS. Under his leadership, he created visions and goals and inspired the workforce to work tow ards achieving them. In the fast changing equation of global business environment, he needed to introduce changes that would inculcate strong organizational culture which would be truly global in essence and encompass values that would knap across cultural divide and local interest. To make a significant difference to the work place, it is important the leaders and managers need to develop and enhance cross cultural relationship that must go beyond the officialdom in order to win the trust of the

Human Resource Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Human Resource - Essay ExampleAlternatively, I would set aside the elections establish on the Taft- Hartley provisions and the band of the case. The law stipulates employees freedom and right to determine their representative union and prohibits any form of threat of reprisal from the employer. The supervisor, being a recognized representative of the employer, however verbalised interest in the unions meeting by making multiple appearances around the meeting. Such a repetitive act was therefore non coincidental and indicated a motive to influence employees representation. The supervisors appearances around the unions meeting could also have implications such as identifying members of the unions, based on their past unionism initiatives, and influencing elections results to favor some unions. The employer is also vicariously liable for the supervisors actions. These therefore mean that the employers behavior, through its supervisor, identifies world-shaking threat of reprisal agai nst the union and therefore contravenes employees freedom and right to determine their union of representation (Carter and Rausch,

Steps for Investment Strategy for Stock Market Essay - 3

Steps for Investment Strategy for Stock Market - Essay congressmanAs the capital market is very volatile and requires very efficient and effective strategies for making investment fundss in stock market. The stock markets are highly uncertain, and it is vexed to predict. Therefore, the chances of loss are higher without proper investment plan.This paper will attempt to present an argumentative discussion on the investment strategy for a stock market. In regard to trading strategies in the stock market, many have argued against the stock investment by claiming it as a zero-sum game as there is an equal number of winners and losers. The stock market is highly volatile and to take a winners position is quite challenging. An efficient trading strategy faeces make gains in bullish as well as in the bearish market. The following figure presents volatility of the FTSE for the last forty years.The most of investors who set about great loses due to investments in the stock market are mai nly caused by their lack of knowledge and lack of general awareness. In fact, many investors having very limited knowledge regarding stock investments tend to face losses from the stock market investments and their investment behavior mainly driven by behavioral finance. The investors a lot make the investment based on their behavior which is mainly driven by unconventional market behavior. For example, investors should buy a stock when it comes to its lower sharpness and sells just before it is supposed to fall. However, generally, investors do the opposite and face losses. However, there are also certain factors that must be taken into consideration, and the entire investment should follow systematic steps.

The Appeal of Horror Movies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Appeal of Horror Movies - Essay ExampleHorror movies generate a cathartic effect on the attestant. Many fears, suppressed in real life because of the expected ridicule from peers, can be given way out to at the film Arachnophobia permits a boy to scream aloud and give vent to his very real fear of spiders. Horror movies also give the viewer emotional escape from real-world anxieties, such as unemployment or debt. Horror movies provide an opportunity to exhibit gender roles. Men can show that they ar not afraid, while girls are free to act quintessentially feminine. There is also the social satisfaction of belonging to a group which exhibits similar reactions. Most often, horror movies are viewed in a group. Horror movies satisfy a very real need in humans. The stimulation of the senses gives a keenness to mundane lives suppressed emotions queue up expression there is an escape from the stress of the real world social bonding is facilitated. It is obvious that horror movies s atisfy a basic need in humans. Long live Horror Films From the magazine of Icarus, man has always dreamt of flying like the birds. This dream became a reality with the Wright Brothers, and travel by air is right away very much a part of modern life. Air travel has improved life through the speed of transport, but has the negative effect of increase global warming and adding to mans destructive capabilities. One undeniable benefit of air travel is the factor of speed. This speed is a great return for the emergency transport of both people and goods, particularly in inaccessible terrain. People can be rescued from disaster zones, airlifted for medical aid, and save time on travel. Perishable goods, medical supplies, and relief can be transported rapidly to areas of need.

Critical Incident Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Critical Incident Management - Research Paper ExampleOne of the methods that help justice and security organizations to be rigid on its certification of public safety is scenario-based planning (Eppen, Martin, & Scharge, 1989). Scenario planning is a comprehensive planning tool that some of the dedicated firms make call of to extend to their long-term goals (Eppen, Martin, & Scharge, 1989). Scenario-based planning ensures the management of civil liberties in justice organization that they unintentionally compromise fulfilling other duties. It also makes sure that the organizations do not halt public safety while satisfying other demands. The role of scenario planning within these organizations is to minimize or control these risks (Tibettes, 1998). Many security and justice organizations relieve oneself policies that make them implement on the actual rules and regulation of these companies. To understand this clearly, example of use of force is appropriate. The policies regardin g use of force describe an increasing sequence of actions that an officeholder can take to handle a situation (Tibettes, 1998). This sequence usually has many aims of intensities, and on that point is a strict instruction for military officers to use an appropriate level of intensity of force, keeping in mind the present situation. This also allows an officer to shift from one level of sequence to another without much difficulty. In faithfulness enforcement, there is a huge carefulness which makes it very important police politeness refers to the autonomy of a justice agency or individual officer working in that or any other justice agency to choose to involve in a certain situation to handle it or not (Tibettes, 1998). The implementation of scale of discretion by an office is when an officer arrests a person for a DUI (Driving under the influence) there is a low discretion in this incident in the name of public safety. High discretion is observed when as officer issues a cita tion on a number one wood failing to signal a lane change. In particular, the amount of effort required by police to compel compliance from an unwilling subject is profound definition of use of force (Tibettes, 1998). Officers should not use any force if they find no conflicts, fights or battles, in other words, no force if there is no resistance. As an example, the sequence of intensities of force starts from officer using verbalization for controlling a situation if situation does not come under control, he can go for Empty Hand Control. Even when the situation gets worse, an officer can go for Soft Hand Technique, then gradually Less fatal Method (Surette, 2010). If the situation cannot be controlled with any of the above methods, officers can have an impact on it with the use of weapon, then chemical spray, and then finally the use of lethal force. There are many debates regarding the use of force continuum. These are regarding the convenience of techniques or tools under thi s continuum. Should the virtue include this method in the policies and would they index increase the liability? Use of force is not appropriate for every situation because not every situation can convert into a continuum (Tibettes, 1998). The law enforcement and other criminal and justice agencies need to structure their organization in a way that everyone can openly share their ideas and opinions there is no idolise of saying anything even if it is wrong. Most importantly, veterans should give

Occupational Therapy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Occupational Therapy - Research Paper ExampleTo qualify as an occupational therapist, one should posses a post-baccalaureate degree form a credited university or college, a university of college certification that is deemed equivalent is also accepted. The minimum entry block for an occupational therapist is a masters degree or higher occupational therapy. In addition, occupational therapists should receive his education form a organistion that has been accredited by the Accreditation Council for Occupational Therapy Education (ACOTE) for him to qualify to sit for the national exam. Occupational therapists practice is regulated in all the 50 states, before get a license, one should be trained in accredited institution and sat for the national certification exam. Qualified occupational therapists be warded the Occupational Therapists Registered (OTR), heretofore specific licensing vary from one state to an different for example some states consider an education practice certificat ion, education related classes or the early treatment certification. In addition, one should have competed supervised field work (Wilcock & Townsend, 2009). Occupational therapists work in large rehabilitation centers, educational institutions, nursing care facilities, place heath care services, government agencies, and community care facilities, hospitals, employed in private practice and in ambulance services. Occupation therapy works alongside the field of medicine, sociology, anthropology, lawfulness and psychology and any other discipline that contributes to developing its knowledge base. In this case these profession work along with doctors, nurses, counselors, psychologies ,social workers, public health officers, med lab scientists, family members among other key players in improving the patients life. On average it costs $ 15,000 to complete the training, given that occupational therapists are becoming more popular in nigh all health institutions, undertaking the course will be very beneficial both in the long run and short run. For instance, in 2008.there were 104, euchre 0ccupatonal therapist in the US alone. 2. Legal Issues The general Federal laws on the practice of occupational therapy are I regard to certification and licensing. States have laws that approximately differ from one state to another, for example South Carolinas statutes on this practice are found in Title 40 Of Professions and Occupations Sec 40. In Ontario, the statutes based on this profession are were constituted through the occupational Therapy Act 1991 There are the standard general laws that should be adhered to in practicing occupational therapy, the first standard is professional standing and responsibility and his practice should be in consistent with established principles and concepts of theory and practice. The screening, evaluation and re evaluation are all the responsibilities of the occupational therapist in accordance with the federal and state law among other regulatory and payer requirement and AOTA law. Occupational therapists should ensure that the disturbance plan is in accordance with the set requirement such as external accreditation program, state and federal law and within the relevant time frame. The occupational therapist should document and interpret related to the client

Progressive Era Through the Great Depression Essay

Progressive Era Through the Great Depression - Essay ExampleDuring the above period, some historical turning points were felt by the Americans. Progressivism came about in the early 20th century as a varied inclination, different in various parts of the State and including all members from governmental parties. The period became the countrys first leading mindset to support state intervention in free market and in individual self-reliance in every sphere and at all levels (Perry & Manners, 2006). Moreover, the period made a history in a quick expansion for American capitalism, time at the same time the ruling class soared confidence. Leading economists declared that the era of slumps and booms was a past, and it was time for the US economy to experience permanent prosperity. all told these proclamations were made during the 1920s, that before the progressive era was over, the worst first gear had hit the US economy. The 1929 stock market collapse which manifested the start of t he great depression brought in a period of submersion for almost the entire working class. As a result of government intervention in free market, study businesses made more profits while wages continued to be low and workers failed to buy the goods they contributed in production. The banking and financial systems were not regulated and some banks had crashed during the 1920s. self-propelling and construction industries, whose business had boomed during the progressive era slowed down at the great depression (Hofstadter, 2011). By the year 1919, when the United States congress approved the 19th amendment to consort full voting rights to women, 13 out of 16 states in the west had already granted full voter turnout to women. Wyoming was the first state to grant suffrage to women in 1869. In contrast, Eastern and southern states, suffragists had the ability to win the voting right before the federal amendment only in two states that is in statute mile in 1918 and New York in 1917. O ne of the key reasons for the womens right was the idiosyncratic circumstances in all the suffrage states. The fact that the West was the ascendent in granting the rights suggests a number of common social conditions at work in the Western region, contrary to the other regions (Perry & Manners, 2006). Presidents Roosevelt, Wilson, and Taft all adopted the progressive tidy up flavor in the legislation that they campaigned for, and in their view of the federal regimes role in the life of the state. Despite attempting to continue with Roosevelts prefatory directions and policies, Tafts presidency was not smooth, and a sour rift developed between them and within their party, paving way for Democrat Woodrow Wilson. One of the legislation was the spirit of progressivism. Regardless of divergent concerns and philosophical differences, progressives held to many basic doctrines. They were hopeful about human nature as they tried to humanize and adjust to big government and businesses. T hey believed in the significance of direct intervention in citizens lives and wanted the government by all means to actively participate in manifesting reform. All these presidents were dictated by their protestant ethics to reform the state using science techniques (Hofstadter, 2011). The Underwood tariff reduced the levy charged on imports and included a new income tax. Thus, the lost revenue was replaced by the tax, authorized by the 16th constitutional amendment. On the other hand, Wilson reforms were not just targeted at Wall Street, but he

The ideas of marriage and roles of women Essay Example for Free

The ideas of pairing and roles of women EssayThe ideas of marriage and roles of women be real dosely linked. Comp atomic number 18 the act of marriage and representation of women in the three texts studied.I am release to discuss, in this essay, the ideas of marriage and the roles of women at the times the three texts were set in, I sh completely as well talk about how these marriages and roles are similar in the texts. To compare the portrayal of marriage and representation of women the three texts that were studied Stench of Kerosene, which was a short taradiddle written by Amrita Pritam. Stench of Kerosene was about a young Sikh unify woman, called Guleri, who could not bear children and how society viewed and dealt with her due to this. It is a study of how she is seen as an outcast to the family so frequently so that the mother then brings a new matrimonial woman into the house oblige to try to replace the old matchless this then leads Guleri to suicide. The other texts studied were a short story in epistolary form called The triplet Sisters and a novel called Pride and Prejudice.These twain stories were twain written by Jane Austen and both(prenominal) have real similar storylines. The third Sisters is about a girl called bloody shame who receives a proposal from a very wealthy man, Mr Watts. bloody shame just finds Mr Watts to be extremely disagreeable and does not know whether to marry him or not. Similarly Pride and Prejudice is about a mother, Mrs bennet, and her struggles of frig aroundting her children get hitched with to wealthy men. They both show societys views of women and how women themselves view marriage and their roles. All three texts show a good indication of how society envisi hotshotd women at that time.Stench of Kerosene was written in 1927 and was set in a small rural village in Punjab. It was originally written in Punjabi but was only translated in the 1960s. This story was more tragic that the other t wo stories as adept of the main characters, Guleri, commit suicide. The management that Guleri kills herself is very tragic and shocking, as she seemed like a very happy and delight ind character. She kills herself by soaking herself in kerosene and setting herself alit. The reason behind Pritam ascribeting this in is because she wanted to change how society viewed and treated women. In the story the society Guleri sleep withd in and their expectations of her were strongly to blame for the outcome of the story.In the Sikh religion both men and women are seen as equal in the religious scriptures. However although Sikh women have right within the scriptures many of the scriptures are up to soul interpretation. Most men see the women are their possessions and thitherfore many men see it acceptable to have more than one wife, as Manaks mother did, regardless of what their present wife may think. There are many reasons to why men may take a second wife, the around common among th e Sikh community at that time was because having more than one wife would increase the wealth of a man due to the brides family giving the economise a hold when the marriage was secure.This was known as a dowry. Men also married a second wife to produce an heir if their first wife was inefficient as it was the case in Stench of Kerosene. The story hints that the main reason behind Guleri committing suicide and the mother wanting Manak to have a second wife was that Guleri could not have children. Manaks mother role in society then was to bring up her children well and then to find a good young woman in law who could have children and carry on the family name. She was very narrow-minded and did what society expected of her. She entangle that her decision for bringing a new wife into the family was justified, as that was what society expected her to do. She had fulfilled her role and the expectation that society had vex upon her and now she wanted a young woman in law who would do the same.The mother was brought up and guided by the expectations of society and she felt that if she had gone against what society had expected of her then she would have ultimately become an outcast as society would have seen it as her not fulfilling her role as a mother. Guleri on the other hand, did not see it as Manaks mother fulfilling her role, but aphorism her interference as a punishment for not being able to fulfil expectations put on her by society. In the Sikh religion babies are of great importance and their birth is rejoiced by the family. The birth of a baby is seen as strengthening the stability of the marriage and ensuring the continuance of the family line. If a woman in the Sikh religion is unable to have children then she is unable to inherit land or money from her husband when he dies.They are seen as outcasts as they are not able to produce an heir. This meant that bearing children was an essential role of a Sikh woman and Guleri was unable to fulfil the r ole she was expected to and as a result Guleri was made to looking like a complete outcast by society. A wife in the Sikh religion has two main roles they are to have children and to look after her family. Guleri could not fulfil all of her duties and was disregarded and seen as an outcast by her family and society, she was seen as damaged.The new wife probably made Guleri feel as though she was damaged goods and so she was replaced by a new and working(a) model. When Guleri heard of the second wife she felt let down by her husband and like he had abandoned her because she could not have a child. She felt as though she was indebted to encounter for her inadequacies. She felt lonely and unloved as if she was impure and saw the only way out as death. The symbolism behind Guleris death highlights the violence of it compared to the Sikh idea of death as being like sleep. The way that Guleri chose to kill herself created a dramatic and shocking effect and was seen as primal and more p ainful. It intendd how much pain emotionally that Guleri was in.When Manak heard what had happened to Guleri he was mute with pain. Manak could be seen as a coward and a fool for not being stronger and for not standing up to his mother when she told him about getting a new wife, but it can be seen as not all being Manaks fault as he was brought up traditionally. He new his role as a man and a husband that was to be a loyal husband and to find a wife who would produce an heir to the family. He was taught to respect and obey his parents.Manak wanted to retort, you are a woman why dont you cry likeone for a change But he remained silent.However if Manak had gone against what his mother wanted then he too would have become an outcast to society for going against his elders and not fulfilling his role as a man.The new wife however was probably made to feel like an outcast by Manak, as he knew that no one could ever replace Guleri. But by his mother the new wife fit in with the family, a s she got pregnant quickly. The mother express at one point that she had spent five hundred rupees on the new wife, and this was probably a lot of money in those geezerhood, which suggests that some women married for money. This is similar in Pride and Prejudice as charlotte Lucas married Mr Collins because of his money. And also in The Three Sisters, Mary chooses to marry Mr Watts because he is a very wealthy man. This shows that the societies these stories are in are completely materialistic.Prtiam shows that the roles of women are completely dominated by men and society. It would be correct to say that if societys beliefs had not been so enforced upon women then Manak and Guleris marriage would have survived. I believe this as Sikh women have only three main contacts in life and they are to get married and have children, to look their families well and to get their children married off to good and wealthy families. This circle would in that respectfore be enforced on many mor e generations to come and the main reason being is to have children.Stench of Kerosene had political reasons for it being published. Pritam saw that society needed to be changed and this story showed why and how women felt about was a stereotypical role of a Sikh woman was. The tone in which Pritam wrote this story was very beneficial and is not humorous at all, unlike Pride and Prejudice. She made it a serious story as Pritam felt very strongly about how women were visualised and how they were rejected by society if they were unable to perform the roles that were expected of them. She wrote the story as a narrative and because of this we can see how Pritam feels about certain the roles of women. She uses objects to symbolise the characters emotions. She used the flute to tell us how Manak felt about Guleri leaving.Then putting the flute to his lips, blew a strange anguished wail.He expresses how he feels by the way he plays his flute, as he is unable to say it in words. Pritam g ives us a more visual and better understanding of the point that she wants to put across, by using emotive language, for exampleManak, mute with pain, could only stare and feel his own lifeburning out.It gives us a more practical(prenominal) feeling of the story and allows us to see just how devastated Manak is. We can tell that he is completely destroyed and will never get everyplace what Guleri did. This is put across more clearly at the end when Manaks child is born and when he holds him for the first time, he is not the happy and joyous father that one would expect but instead he,he shrieked hysterically, Take him past He stinks of kerosene.His reaction to his new child seems as though he feel guilty and somewhat responsible about what happened to Guleri. We can tell that what to Guleri did not only affect Manak but also the whole family, as the new wife will never be loved by Manak and nor will the new child as he will always be a incessant reminder to Manak of something th at he could never have with Guleri and the reason for her death. He will also always be very resentful towards his mother as she took away the one person he loved in the whole world with no thought to the consequences, and most of all Manak will probably never be able to forgive himself.There was a lot of pressure on women in those days to have children if they did not have children the women would be rejected by society and most just wanted to fit in. If Guleri had tolerated Manak having a second wife and gone back to live with the family despite this she would probably have been rejected.The Three Sisters was not published until quite awhile after it was written, in 1792. This story was set in London. The Three Sisters show that marriage was one of the only concerns of women in the 18th and 19th centuries. In Jane Austens time marriage was more or less then only way out of the parental house. There was no real way for women to be on their own or to have independence in those days. There were no professional jobs open to women and the few that there were, such as being a g everywhereness, were not very highly regarded, and either did not pay well or had very poor working conditions. Pride and Prejudice and the Three Sisters show this well as both Mrs Bennet, the mother in Pride and Prejudice, and Mrs Stanhope, the mother in The Three Sisters, main concern was to get all their children married. how can you be so tiresome You must know that I am thinkingof his marrying one of them. For I am impelled not to let such an opportunity escape of settlingone of my Daughters do advantageously.In The Three Sisters the arrangement of marriage is portrayed like prostitution, in that the way Mrs Stanhope is haggling over the price for Mary, and tries to get as much pin money for Mary from Mr Watts as she can. Remember the pin money two hundred a year.A hundred and seventy five madam.Two hundred indeed, Sir. Said my mother.Mrs Stanhope also seems as though she is pimping he r other daughter in case Mr Watt does not like or want Mary.In The Three Sisters the only factor Mrs Stanhope takes into account and uses to form her opinion of Mr Watts is how wealthy he is. In this way Mrs Stanhope and Mrs Bennet are very similar as she too forms an opinion by how wealthy a man is. A oneness man of large fortune four or five thousand a year.What a fine thing for our girlsShe is determined to have Mr Watts as trigger of her family as he was a good man to know. In Mrs Stanhopes opinion the reason that Mr Watts wanted to marry Mary was because he wishes to be consort to the family and the way for a man to become allied with a family was to marry one of the daughters. This applied very much in Mr Watts case he did not anguish which daughter he married. Mrs Stanhope also wanted to be allied to Mr Watts as he had a higher status in society than she did and if one of her daughters married him then their familys status would also go higher. This is a similar situation to Pride and Prejudice as Mrs Bennet wanted Mr Collins to be allied with the family as he was quite a wealthy man and when Mr Collins proposed to Elizabeth Mrs Bennet put a lot of pressure on her to say yes by telling Elizabeth Yes, or I will never see her again.Mrs Stanhopes main role as a mother and in story was to have children, get up sure they are interpreted care of well, look after their husbands and run the home. Mrs Stanhope has a lot of power in this story as she is the one who decides which daughter shall get married and to whom. She could force one of her daughters to get married and they could not say no as it would be disrespectful to their mother. She exercises her power over her daughters when Mary is still trying to make up her mind over marry Mr Watts, by telling Mary that if she does not marry Mr Watts then Georgiana must.Mary is shown as I very materialistic and indecisive young girl. She marries Mr Watts because he is a very wealthy man. In garner one Mary te lls us that she says Mr Watts is He is extremely disagreeable and I hate him more than any bodyelse in the world.Mary chooses to marry Mr Watts as sees it as a way of getting a higher status in society than the rest of her family. Which shows that she is similar to Lydia in Pride and Prejudice, as it seems as though she only married Mr Wickham to get a higher status than her family. Mrs Stanhope could easily push Mary into marring Mr Watts as Mary had made it very clear that she had wanted to get married forwards any of her sisters. I could not bear to have either of them married before me.Marys main role in society is to look after her husband and to have children to carry on the family. This is very similar to the society and the expectation of women in Stench of Kerosene. It is very clear that Mary has a one-track mind in that she is very unidealistic and feels as though Mr Watts should be grateful that she has accepted his proposal. She does not believe in marrying for love and thinks that if one of the couple loves the other then there is no need for the other to love them back. when there is so much love on one side, there is no occasion forit on the other.The Three Sisters is serious, formal and shows a harsher portrayal of women. However it is quite humorous in places compared to Stench of Kerosene. It was written when Austen was only a teenager when she wrote it and she was probably entering the marriage market herself. The characters in the story were probably someone that Austen could relate to as she herself was a teenager and was having similar problems as her characters were.Austen could relate to her characters and she often hid her views and thoughts behind her characters liquid body substance and fictional style writing. The story was quite controversial as it told us what women were like and how they really felt about issues then, but society was not raise about these things. Society looked down on anyone that was seen to speak up for women and were thought of and seen as abnormal, and their name and reputation was often destroyed.Austen wrote the story in a letter form as it allows us to see the reaction of characters better as it is they who are describing how they feel and what they think. It also allows us to get to know the characters better however not as well as in Pride and Prejudice. The main difference between these two stories is that Pride and Prejudice focuss more the reasons for getting married and the consequences of actions that women took.Pride and Prejudice was written in 1813 and was set in Longbourne in Hertfordshire. Mrs Bennet is a stereotypical middle class woman in those days. She is materialistic, over dramatic and a gossip. These characteristics are portrayed in an exaggerated way. When we first meet Mrs Bennet we can see that she is a gossip. My dear, you must know, Mrs long says that Netherfield is takenby a young man of large fortune from north of EnglandMrs Bennet appears to be a similar character to Mrs Stanhope, all she wants is for all her daughters to be married and taken care of. Her main role is to take care of her family and make she that her children get married. In Pride and Prejudice the men hold most of the power and this is shown many occasions in the Bennet household by Mr Bennet. An unhappy alterative is before you, Elizabeth. From this youmust be a stranger to one of your parents. Your mother will neversee you again if you do not marry Mr Collins, and I will never seeyou again if you do.It is clear that Mr Bennet did not marry Mrs Bennet for love. We can assume that Mr Bennet probably only proposed to Mrs Bennet because as a young lady she was very bewitching and that he probably never knew what she was like. He puts up with by not taking her seriously. Because of the way that Mr Bennet treats his wife their children have grown up not taking their mother seriously and not having much respect for her. This shows most of all in Elizabeth by the way she acts around her mother. Elizabeth is strong minded and a very opinionative young lady. She is also her fathers favourite daughter and often gives him advice, which he rarely takes.Elizabeth does not believe in getting married for love and does not think she would get married. Lydia on the other hand was exactly like her mother. She was emotional, immature, she does not think but acts on impulses, which nearly brings her to ruins. Lydia would cross all the boundaries and broke all the codes that society had set for women, this was shown when Lydia runs off with Mr Wickham and she does not think of the affect it would have on her family or the distress it may cause them. As it was not expectable behaviour to run off and elope. Society looked down on it and it suggested that she had bad upbringing as she was disrespecting her parents by eloping.However in those days it was very important for a woman to get married, as that is what society expected of them. Unmarried women were a great burden to their families as they would have to live with their families or with family approved protectors, as it was unheard of for an mateless woman to live by herself. Jane Austen, herself was a dependant as she was unmarried and was forced to live with relatives. Mary in Pride and Prejudice knew she would not get married as she was not as pretty as her other sisters so she concentrated on music and learning.Marriage to women then was not all about getting away from their parents but was one of the only ways in which women could gain monetary security. By marring, women were entitled to an allotment of money each year, called pin money. This money was to be spent as she wished but not for household necessities. However an unmarried woman would and could only inherit money form her family if she had no brothers as they lived on a patriarchy society, in which men hold the power and women were mostly excluded from. In Pride and Prejudice and The Three Sisters, they both seem to be set in a patriarchy society as the men hold the power in both the stories. However in Stench of Kerosene the mother holds the most power in the story, which is unusual.The women that Austen wrote about were showed as foolish, materialistic, gossips and were only have-to doe with about how other familys saw them and who the would get married to. These characteristics are different to the way that Pritam portrays women in her story she shows them as innocent, loving, obedient, and respectful to their family and husband, as Guleri shows when she fell in love with Manak. If you want me go and ask my father for my hand. Pride and Prejudice was more humorous than The Three Sisters was, it took a more satirical approach quite an than political one to get its points across. Austen blamed the traditions of society through the humour of her characters.All three stories allow us to see that the roles of women have been the same over the centuries and that they are not changing very much i n a hurry. They allow us to that men have always held a very compelling role in the home and the way in which a woman is brought is depending on how society expects them to act.Society have always judged women and enforced their rules and boundaries upon them. If those rules are low-spirited they are looked down upon and would be ultimately be outcast them.

The conflicts of the play Essay Example for Free

The conflicts of the play EssayHow does Arthur moth miller use the stage and dramatic techniques to portray the conflicts of the play? The Crucible was written by Arthur Miller the play is round the witch trials that took place in Salem, Massachutes in 1692. Arthur Miller wrote the play because the communist trials were taking place at that time in the unify States. Miller and some of his friends were involved in the trials. Many of the conflicts of the communist trials were similar to the Salem witch trials, which is why I think that Miller wrote The Crucible. In motion 1 and act 2 Miller uses the staging and dramatic techniques to reflect these conflicts. The main conflicts of the play are good verses evil, which is show in act 1. familiar invading the private this is alike show in act 1, and the personal relationship between John Proctor and Elizabeth Proctor, this is shown in act 2. Arthur Miller starts to introduce the conflicts of the play with his set design. Act 1 takes place in Reverend Parriss house, in the attic room. The characters involved in the opening set are Parris and his new-fangled daughter Betty.Act 2 takes place in the Proctors house, it is set in the common room. There are no characters in the opening of act 2 but soon after John Proctor and Elizabeth enter. Act 1 the room is lit by light from the sun, Through its leaded panes the morning fair weather streams the light is pure which symbolises reverend Parris as pure. However it is entering the room is through a narrow window, which shows Parris is a narrow-minded person. This symbolises that in act 1 the characters are pure but restrictive as the window is leaded. This shows the conflict of good verses evil.Whereas in act 2 the room is described as small-scale dark and rather long living room this shows that the proctors are dark and shows that they are hiding a secret, the secret is that john had committed adultery with Abigail. The save light in the room is that from the fireplace. This symbolises that in act 2 characters are dark and gloomy people. In act 1 the bedroom is upstairs with a staircase leading downstairs, this symbolises that the characters in this scene start off with a high status but throughout the play they are moving downward towards hell.There are also people downstairs, which shows the conflict of the public are intruding on their private lives, whereas the Proctors lives are private and personal. The warmth in distributively sets also shows the differences between the characters, in act 1 the room is lit by only a stick outdle, this symbolises that Reverend Parris is a cold-hearted man, however the Proctors house is also very cold its winter in here. Another difference between the set designs is that act 1 has a clean spareness this shows that its empty of enjoy and nurturing.In act 2 the room is cold because Elizabeth is cold of suspicion. The idea of a crucible plays a large part in both acts. A crucible removes impuriti es through intense heat, which is what the play is more or less, the characters are put thorough an intense trial which at the end will prove who is pure and who isnt. As the curtain rises in act 1 we are shown Betty lying inert and sickly on the bed. Reverend Parris is praying at the side of the bed. He is concerned about Betty, he is on his knee, which symbolises that he is asking for forgiveness.Tituba rushes in, as she is concerned about Betty. We can see that she is troubled and distressed, but as soon as she travel in she immediately steps backwards, this symbolises that she is worried about Betty but she also know her place as a servant and is afraid of Parris. Parris is concerned about Betty but he is more concerned about his reputation ith the people downstairs. Act 2 opens on a dark and low room, but we can hear Elizabeth softly singing to the children, this shows that she is a loving mother.John Procter walks in with a gun and places it down, he then walks over to the f ood and tastes it then he adds salt this shows he is not satisfied with Elizabeths cooking. The stew is a symbol of John and Elizabeths relationship, the stew is plain like Elizabeth, so John spices it up with salt the same way he spiced up his life by committing adultery with Abigail. After that he washes his hands and sits down for dinner when Elizabeth joins him. He washes his washes his hands when he hears Elizabeth coming, this shows that it is a ill-doingy act. She brings him his food and sits with him while he eats.When john is asked how the food tastes by Elizabeth he lies and says its well seasoned he lies to her to cover up the guilt of having an affair with Abigail. When they are talking to each other we can sense some distance between them, John is trying to make it up to her I mean to please you, Elizabeth but Elizabeth is finding it hard to forgive him as she finds it hard to reply to him. In my opinion I think Arthur Millers style was very effective. He used differe nt ways to symbolise the differences between the scenes and characters. His set designs were very helpful to judge the type of people the play was about.

The Presence of Self-Hatred Essay Example for Free

The Presence of Self-Hatred EssayRacial discrimination has of all time been one problem that is experienced on a global scale. Although Barrack Obama has won the presidential election in the United States of America, there are until now debates concerning the United States and the issue about the blacks vs. the whites. History and books are two important branches of knowledge that can attest to the racial discrimination that the blacks turn out forever experienced. In fact, even the media has taken up the fact that even though black is beauty, white is even more than beautifulthe mountains of bleaching and whitening products available in the market can attest to that. Moreover, while Snow White is loved by many, Princess Jasmine (of Aladdin) is not exactly that famous compared to her blue-eyed counter parts. It has been ingrained in so many people, most especially to that of the younger generation, that it is so bad to be black or rather, it is so ugly to be black. Fairy tal es ensure us of the big, bad, black wolf. Hoodlums and villains in movies are most often the darker ones and those that have the fairer skins are hailed as the hero or heroine of the movie.The characters present in the novel write by Toni Morrison are not exempted to this belief. Although the novel provides some of the more domesticated problems that are somehow always present in the dramatic works of literature (like Fyodor Dostoevskys Crime and Punishment or Franks McCourts Angelas Ashes) and movies (Julia Roberts battered character in Sleeping With The Enemy or Jennifer Lopezs role in Enough), the most apparent subject in the novel is the obvious contempt for the characters skin colors and their undeniable desire to change who they are and what they have.The novel features Pecola Breedlove, a young, naive, black girl who hatreds her color and herself for belonging to her scarper. She believes herself as actually ugly and assumes that having blue eyes will be the only thing t hat will bind her beautiful and likable. The novel centers on Pecola and her relationship with her family as they face the demon in their lives and get lost in their own personal problems and issues. The novel starts with a vote counter already telling the re resultant of the novel and uses a flashback to recount the events in the part of the novels PrologueOur purity and faith were no more productive than his lust or despair. What is clear now is that of all of that hope, fear, lust, love, and grief, cipher remains but Pecola and the unyielding earth. Cholly Breedlove is dead our innocence too. The seeds shriveled and died her baby too. (Morrison 9-10) The narrator is none different than one of the MacTeer sisters, Claudia herself, who Pecola stays with (ordered by Court officials) after Pecolas father burns down their house and leaves the Breedlove family homeless.Pecola, Claudia, and Frieda (another of the MacTeer daughters and Claudias sister) soon puzzle friends, and the MacTeer sisters find that it is their duty to protect Pecola who seems to be bullied by everyone in their town. Because of the apparent treatment of the people in their neighborhood (with the exception of the MacTeer sisters), Pecola develops this belief that the only solution for people to love her and actually be pleased with her is if she acquires blue eyesIt had occurred to Pecola some time ago that if her eyes, those eyes that held the pictures, and knew the sightsif those eyes of hers were different, that is to say, beautiful, she herself would be different. Her teeth were good, and at least her nose was not big and flat like some of those who were thought so cute. If she determineed different, beautiful, maybe Cholly would be different, and Mrs. Breedlove too. Maybe theyd say, Why, look at pretty-eyed Pecola.We mustnt do bad things in front of those pretty eyes. Each night, without fail, she prayed for blue eyes. Fervently, for a year she had prayed. Although somewhat disco uraged, she was not without hope. To have something as wonderful as that feel would take a long, long time. (Morrison 25-26) The novel turns for the worst as Pecola returns to her family, and each family member is revealed as having his or her own issues with who he or she is and coming to grips with his or her personal history.Cholly Breedlove is the man of the house and the father of Pecolahe is lazy, does not work, and is occupied with only two thingsgetting drunk and beating up his wife, Pauline. Chollys alcoholism can be explained with the fact that he suffered from an earlier humiliation caused by two white hunters who forced him to make love to his first girlfriend Darlene as the two hunters watched the scene. Later, he gets Pauline Williams (another girlfriend and the mother of Pecola) pregnant they marry and eventually become Mr. and Mrs. Breedlove.Soon, problems arise as they find each other very disagreeable while the husband gets drunk and beats the wife, the wife lets the husband beat her because she feels like a martyr by letting him do so (Morrison 23). Through the philosophical theory of existentialism, the situation of the drunken husband and the battered, martyred wife can be explained by the fact that they feed on each others existence and role so that they can play out their own role. To put it simply, the husband exists to beat the wife, and the wife exists to get beaten.Without the others personal issues and problems, none of the intricate themes of the novel will be present and have meaning. Meanwhile, Pauline Breedlove works as a servant in a whites familys house and by doing so, creates an illusion or a fantasy that being close to them (proximity-wise) makes her beautiful. Pauline, like her daughter Pecola, believes in her sliminess to be very appalling and horrifying. She runs away from reality and gets lost in the world of romantic television shows.Of all the characters in the novel, it is Paulines and Pecolas evident low self-est eem that makes them unique (Morrison 22). Self-denial is so strong in the novel that it borders on hating themselves so much that they believe in the monstrous (to point of being ridiculous) ideas that if something in them changes, then they can be beautiful, the world will love them, and their lives will be better. However, their notion of ugliness can be traced to the fact that they are black, and the world jeers at them and judges them as ugly because they are blackThe master had said, You are ugly people. They had looked about themselves and saw nothing to contradict the statement saw, in fact, support for it leaning at them from every billboard, every movie, every glance. Yes, they had said. You are right. And they took the ugliness in their hands, threw it as a cape over them, and went about the world with it. (Morrison 21) The excerpt above proves that because the world considers them as ugly, then they believe themselves to be ugly. The Breedloves saw around them that be longing to such race is awful.This can be traced of course to the fact that when the novel was first published in 1970, the concept of racism was still very much present. Unfortunately, hating ones own race and skin color is disaster itself since that would mean hating the entirety of ones beingto be appalled at ones actions or attitude is very different from hating ones self because of what or who he or she is. Nevertheless, one important passage can drop or negate the argument of the assumption above You looked at them and wondered why they were so ugly you looked closely and could not find the source.Then you realized that it came from conviction, their conviction. It was as though some mysterious all-knowing master had given each one a cloak of ugliness to wear, and they had each accepted it without question. (Morrison 22) Do the Breedloves hate themselves because they believe the world thinks they are ugly, or do they hate themselves because they believe they are ugly, thus, t he world believes so too? It can be likened to a rhetorical question of who came first, the chicken or the egg (and like all rhetorical questions, they are not really meant to be answered)?It is quite sad to think that the characters have decided that they are ugly for it means they are already determined to be ugly and no matter what other people would say and argue, they would neer waver from that conclusion. As a result, because of their decision, they denied themselves of being themselves. The novel ends in much melancholic tragedy for all the charactersCholly rapes Pecola and gets her pregnant, but eventually, the baby dies and so does Cholly the MacTeer sisters lose their innocence Sammy (the brother of Pecola) runs away, and the marigolds refuse to grow in their community.Most of all, however, Pecola thinks she has the bluest eyes, My eyes. My blue eyes. Let me look again. See how pretty they are. Yes. They get prettier each time I look at them. They are the prettiest Ive ev er seen. (Morrison 79) It is such a tragedy for Pecola because for her to believe that she indeed has blue eyes is the realization that self-hatred has won.Work CitedMorrison, Toni. The Bluest Eye. New York Penguin Groups, 1994.