The Mystery Of Wreck It Ralph - 1183 Words

Title: Wreck-It Ralph Film Origin Origins of Wreck-It Ralph first started as late as the 1980s, as creating a story with the video game world. In 2011, Wreck-It Ralph was released. Summary of the film Wreck-It Ralph is the story of Ralph, who is a villain in his videogame with Fix-It Felix, Jr. After having the villain reputation for so many years, Ralph is determined to prove he is a good guy. As Ralph enters a different game, causing havoc in the video game world, his goal is to win a medal to prove that he is a good guy. The problem Ralph causes is the game he entered unleashed evil throughout the video game world, where his new challenge for proving his hero abilities in saving the world before it is too late. Film’s Genre Animation, Adventure, Comedy Possible Themes Perception, Redemption, Heroism Title Meaning Wreck-It Ralph has the title meaning of the main character of the film, Wreck-It Ralph. Ralph receives this name from the video game that he is a part of, Fix-It Felix Jr. Character Development Wreck-It Ralph goes through major character development throughout the film. When first introduced, Ralph seems depressed of his status and responsibility of being the bad guy for his game. Because of that, Ralph becomes determined in fixing this feeling by winning a medal in a different game to prove that he can be considered a good guy. Thinking receiving a medal is easier than it is, Ralph joins a game that claims it is easy to receive medals. Very quickly RalphShow MoreRelatedThemes And Themes Of The Film Zootopia 2140 Words   |  9 PagesHoward (‘Tangled’), Rich Moore (‘Wreck it Ralph’) and Jared Bush (imdb citation). The film follows the story of Judy Hopps (Ginnifer Goodwin), an intrepid rabbit that dreams of becoming a police officer in the animal populated metropolis of Zootopia. After thousands of years of prey and predators being at odds with one another, they now live in relative harmony. However, tensions begin to rise when 15 predators go mi ssing. Our protagonist attempts to uncover the mystery with the assistance of a shiftyRead MoreVarian Solution153645 Words   |  615 PagesGrapefruits 40 30 Slope -2 20 10 Slope -1/2 45 0 10 20 30 40 Avocados (d) Does Mary have convex preferences? Yes. 3.10 (2) Ralph Rigid likes to eat lunch at 12 noon. However, he also likes to save money so he can buy other consumption goods by attending the â€Å"early bird specials† and â€Å"late lunchers† promoted by his local diner. Ralph has 15 dollars a day to spend on lunch and other stuï ¬â‚¬. Lunch at noon costs $5. If he delays his lunch until t hours after noon, he is able to buyRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesboard is usually necessary, and it helps if the top executive(s) controls a lot of stock. But the company’s problems will probably continue. In the second scenario, at the extreme, wielding a mean axe with excessive worker and management layoffs can wreck havoc on a company’s morale and longer-term prospects. In general, neither extreme—complacency or upheaval—is good. A sick company usually needs drastic changes, but not necessarily widespread bloodletting that leaves the entire organization cringing

Success of a Family Aspirations Motives of the...

Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun revolves around a short but difficult period in the lives of the Younger family. Each family member has dreams of a higher quality of life; free from the pressures of poverty and the literal confines of an outgrown and decrepit apartment. Ultimately, the ambitions of each Younger are inspired by dreams of a better life for the family as a whole. Though each Younger approaches this goal differently, they each desire to rise above their current position in the â€Å"rat trap† of society into a better, more respectable, life (964). Each Younger is chasing an ambiguous notion of success and believes that they will bring an end to the family’s hardships; consequentially leading to prosperity and, of chief†¦show more content†¦This realization culminates in Walter’s refusal of Mr. Lindner’s final offer to pay for the Younger’s home in Clybourne Park, Walter acts on his newly discovered belief, that his pride, and that of his family, are more valuable an asset than any amount of money offered to them. This decision accomplishes something for the Younger family that money could not — it brings the Younger’s to the same social standing as all other Americans. Rather than accepting the downtrodden role thrust upon them, Walter’s decision proves that the Younger’s are equal. Unlike Walter, Ruth Younger does not place emphasis on wealth. With the arrival of the insurance money and the prospect of prosperity Ruth suggests that Lena take â€Å"a trip somewhere. To Europe or South America or someplace —† only after Lena suggests that they use the money to place a down payment on a house does Ruth realize the intrinsic relationship shared by the money and the family’s future. The notion of owning a house endues in Ruth a version of the â€Å"American [Dream] †¦ that privileges hard work and determination as the means of social mobil ity.† concludes Kristin Matthews (560). Through determination and hard work Ruth views the new home as a method to refresh and revitalize their family. To Ruth, putting the insurance money towards buying a house is an opportunity to escape the current hardships. The coming

European Expansion Essay Research Paper Matthew PolleyWest free essay sample

European Expansion Essay, Research Paper Matthew Polley West and the World Professor Morgan October 5,1999 European Expansion Bernal Diaz del Castillo accompanied Captain Hernan Cortez in his March on Tenichitilan ( Mexico City ) in 1519, ensuing in the resignation of this Aztec capital in 1521. Castillo contends that he will give us the honest history of what happened and non to give a bias sentiment of what happened. We read three different subdivisions from his book. The first is his trip to the Caribbean, the second is his brush in Cholula, and the 3rd is the wake of the autumn of Tenochtitlan. In theses subdivisions we are seeking to happen the implicit in subjects, what the function of the vanquishers was, and eventually, what events does Castillo look to rebut. Since Castillo tried to give a pure history so it is difficult to state that there are concealed contentions. The lone hidden text that I could happen was that of misconception deliberately given by the Indians of peace. We will write a custom essay sample on European Expansion Essay Research Paper Matthew PolleyWest or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They merely presented the troop with peace so they could acquire the troop to follow them into an ambuscade. The tendency seems to follow in the following subdivision, were they the troop I s greeted really hospitably by the work forces of importance from Cholula. While in the attention of the Cholula they were striped of about all nutrient and resources. Cortezs tried repeatedly to negociate with the Caciques who had turned against them. Cortezs told them that he was needed to speak to Montezuma who was the leader. The whole point of these journeys was to distribute Christianity. Throughout the different times Cortes would state that God would forestall any injury that would come to the work forces. This was a tactic to give assurance to the work forces who doubted him. If God was on their side than no 1 could get the better of them. At the terminal of the last subdivision the work forces were mad at Cortes because they thought that he was maintaining all the money for himself. Castillo seemed to hold regard for Cortes, for he was a great warrior leader, and he neer gave a bad sentiment or remark toward Cortes. I thought that Castillo gave a good history. In comparing to the missive written by Columbus, Castillo? s narrative seemed to hold less, or at least less obvious, concealed docket. Castillo missive was non seeking to carry anyone to give him more money or supplies but he was seeking to compose a narrative from past old ages and state the truth the best he could.

School Uniform Essay Example

School Uniform Essay Geneva Tran ESL 186 11/21/11 Final Draft School Uniforms Requirement Should students in public schools’ wear uniforms when they attend school? Many economically developed countries such as Japan and England requires students to wear uniforms at school. However, in United States, only private or parochial schools require students to wear uniforms, and they bring many positive results to students as well as schools. Therefore, all public schools should require students to wear uniforms when they attend school. In some schools that are against students wearing school uniforms believe that forcing students to wear school uniforms is a disadvantage to them. School uniforms can get boring and annoying; they have to wear similar clothing every day to school. Schools that are against students wearing uniform think that the uniforms can violate students’ rights to freedom of expression. However, some students think that school uniforms bring many benefits to them. School uniforms help their parents to save finances because they do not have enough money to provide a varied wardrobe for them. Instead of spending money to buy many different outfits, they can get a few of the same pieces of clothing without worrying about their children getting hurt in school, yet the schools who are against school uniforms do not acknowledge the benefits of what they can gain when it comes to the purpose of education. Reducing distractions is one reason for all public schools should be required students to wear uniforms when they attend school. We will write a custom essay sample on School Uniform specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on School Uniform specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on School Uniform specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer When students are required to wear school uniforms, they are more likely to focus in their studies. They will not need to worry about their clothing to impress their significant other or to fit in or waste their time worrying about insignificant matter other than to worry about their studies. School uniforms can remove many distractions that are usually related to their casual and home clothing. The female students may wear clothing that is inappropriate for school causing the teachers to fear that it may distract other students from their studies. For example, the female students might wear sexually appealing clothes that can cause the male students to stare at them and can lead to a distraction to their studies. Females’ clothes such as shorts and tank tops that are tight fitting easily lead to undue attraction among many male students. Most female students who worry about wearing the latest clothes designer often take priority over learning. They easily turn into competition with other students to see who have the best clothes and gets the most attention in school. However, the introduction of school uniforms help students pay attention in class because they prevent the matter of fashion and cover the body areas that would be attractive to the other students. For example, school uniforms with a minimum length skirt, a white dress-shirt, and a tie to ensure that their chest will not be shown and their legs will be minimally covered. When students wear school uniforms, they improve their performance in studies. According to the survey by the NAEPS in the article School Dress Codes Are Necessary and Constitutional by Stephen Daniels, when students wear uniforms to school, there are 79 percent increased in classroom discipline, 67 percent improved students’ studies, and 75 percent indicated the positive results on peer pressure among students (Stephen 1). Overall, school uniforms help students to concentrate in their studies and reduce distraction in classes. Secondly, public schools should require students to wear uniforms because there is no discrimination between students. School uniforms show equality between students. When students wear uniforms, they eliminate a huge gap between the rich and poor students which result in equality. Furthermore, school uniforms connect students together, they get along better because they would not compare or judge each other based on their clothing. Without school uniforms, the wealthy students tends to mock the poor students because they think they are better than the poor students and it also gives them a chance to show off their wealth. This can cause poor students to feel inferior towards wealthy students because they do not own the brand name clothes like any wealthy students have. In an article in Los Angeles Time by Kurgan, an African boy, who immigrated to the United States; he had a hard time adapting in school because he did not know how to dress himself up because there was no need to wear a uniform. He felt anxiety and stress because he was taunted and badly treated by his classmates. (Kurgan 1) However, when students wear school uniforms, they avoid this problem and lower the chances of jealousy between students because they all wear similar clothing. Thus, no one has the opportunity to mock or pick on the poor tudents. By wearing uniforms, it would eliminate the labels of students being called a loser or cool by the way they style their clothing. Instead, the students can judge a person by their personality rather than judging them by the way they dress themselves. As a result, uniforms is a reduction in economic difference, thus they creates an environment of equality at school. Finally, public schools should be required students to wear uniforms beca use the school uniforms can promote safety for students when they are on campus. Today, safety is important and essential in school because it reduces intimidation and violence incidents, which create a good study environment for students to learn effectively. If all students wear school uniforms, it is much easier to recognize outsiders who may wander around campus because they wear different uniforms or clothing that does not belong to their own school. School uniforms also help to form and unite students together. When students go to field trips or do activities outside of school, we can locate the students that were mixed in with any large groups of people. If students get lost or separated from their classes, people can recognize the students from their uniforms and the outside party will be able to contact the student’s school. On the other hand, school uniforms can reduce the number of theft that steals the wealthy students’ brand name clothing and eliminates the violence that causes jealousy among students. If students wear uniforms to school, they do not have to worry about stealing and bullying other student for their clothes such as sneakers and jackets. In addition to thefts and violence, school uniforms can eliminate the chances of hidden weapons in their clothing. Students can hide their weapons in their baggy pants or oversized shirts. Hence, school uniforms will be harder to conceal the weapons. According to the result of wearing uniform at a school in Long Beach, there are 36 percent reduced in school crime, 51 percent decreased the fights among students, 50 percent decreased students who have weapon offenses, and vandalism decreased to 18 percent after the first year (Manual 1). As a result, school uniforms secure the safety for students in school, thus all public schools should require students to wear uniforms in order to avoid the risk of violence as well as protecting school environment. In conclusion, many students are against school uniforms because of the inconvenience of not being able to show their sense of fashion or their wealth, and the fashionable clothes can cause the poor students to be the target of mockery from what they are wearing. School uniforms can eliminate the discrimination between wealthy people and poor people. They also bring many benefits to students inside of school or outside of school and improve academic achievement as well. When students are not exposed to their surroundings that may distract them from studies and feel safe in class, they will be able to focus in their studies and achieve better grades. Overall, all public schools should require students to wear uniforms when they attend school. Works Cited Kurgan, Leonia Kallir. School Uniforms Encourage Equality. Featured Articles from the Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times, 22 May 1999. Manual on School Uniforms. US Department of Education. 29 Feb. 1996. Web. 9 Nov. 2011. School Dress Codes Are Necessary and Constitutional by Stephen Daniels. Students Rights. Jamuna Carroll, Ed. Opposing Viewpoints ® Series. Greenhaven Press, 2005

ABC Church essays

ABC Church essays The ABC Baptist Church has a membership of about 500 members and is having difficulties managing interoffice correspondence and membership information such as tax reporting for membership, calendars, of events, printing of programs, and recording of offerings. ABC Baptist Church now uses out of date hand written manual input of all information. They also use a very expensive outside printing company for all of their correspondence and church programs. The church has hired a new minister; and, his innovative ideas include leading our church is increasing our membership about 8 per cent each month. He is trying to improve the churchs accountability to its members, improve accounting procedures, reporting, and implement changes to help the church save money on printing costs which has skyrocketed since the membership has started. Since this is an old established church, we have many is the congregation who are not ready for the changes that he has suggested, the board of trustees decided to committee of church members consisting of several members who owned their own business, heads of church departments(such as the Sunday School and Missions), the Deacons and Deaconess board, the Accountants and the church secretaries to evaluate our current procedures and develop requirements that the church needs. All of the members of this committee should eventually be involved in the usage of the equipment. The committee decided on how many people should initially use the system. The security of the system, the need for the system to be user friendly, and the fact that the committee did not have the expertise to handle the problem were all problems that the committee related to the board. The committee decided to suggest an analysis of our current procedures done by an outside consultant. They agreed on the integrated firm of Gates Technology, Inc. and TEACH ell us the advantages and disadvantages to changing our church into ...

Stone, Oliver essays

Stone, Oliver essays The much loved, much loathed, and arguably the most controversial filmmaker of our era was born in mid September 1946. His timing was impeccable as his father was at the height of his career as a stockbroker and had set his family in an apartment overlooking the East River in New York City. In 1964 Stone enrolled in Yale University, then dropped out only one year later to move to Vietnam where he taught English to children. Another year later he wrote a novel and lived in Mexico for a short while. Then, in 1967, at the age of 21, Stone joined the army and the war in Vietnam when most men his age were doing anything they could to avoid such a fate. Serving fifteen months in the infantry division, Stone was awarded a Purple Heart with Oak Leaf Cluster for being shot in the neck and a Bronze Star for single handedly taking out a machine gun nest with a grenade. This period just over a year would prove to change Stones life and catapult his career as a filmmaker. Upon returning from the war in 1968 Stone went back to his birthplace and entered New York Universitys Film School where he studied under the renowned Martin Scorcese. After graduating, Stone moved to Hollywood in 1976. Here he would begin his career adapting scripts for the screen and writing original versions as well. Some of Stones earlier screenwriting include such credits as Midnight Express in 1978, Conan the Barbarian 1981, and Scarface 1983 (Washington Post Filmography). However, Oliver Stone was yet to show his true calling until he became a film director. Through his films, Oliver Stone has attempted to give a factual and refreshing account of controversial times and their meaning that transcends the obvious. Drawing attention to Platoon (1986) and The Doors (1991) one sees two seemingly different, but comparable films. Oliver Stones Platoon tells the story of the Vietnam War from the point of view of a young, naive infan...

MARKETING PROJECT Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

MARKETING PROJECT - Research Paper Example Clients of fast foods usually make orders at a given counter and proceed to pay prior to eating. The industry of fast food in the US had approximately 300,000 units in year 2009 and the franchises attached to them were in above 100 other global nations. The revenue generated from the industry was about USD154.7 billion in year 2008. The industry of fast foods was prospected to record about USD157.2 billion in sales in year 2009, which would translate to a 4.2% rise from the amounts posted in 2008. Since year 2007, the industry was experiencing a continual type of growth rate, while the industry of fast food continued to escalate in value by 4% over the same period. The forecasts state that the industry of fast foods would grow by around 4% per year in the next three years. Consumers of fast foods as well continue to want value for their invested money in terms of healthier options as well as the responsibility of the company in picture to the environment. (franchisedirect.com, 2009) (a) Global Economic Situation The rise in the number of chains of fast food chains in the US has also been witnessed elsewhere in the foreign countries. As Allen and Albala wrote their book the companies of fast food in the US formed what the entire globe had. This phenomenon of chains of fast food companies has been seen to saturate in the regions of North America and Western Europe alike and as a result they have been spread to other areas of the world which are witnessing high rates of economic growth like Asia and Eastern Europe. The two authors also continue in their study to point out the fact that, if these fast food chains are aiming at surviving in the foreign, then they ought to adjust their menus to suit the tastes of local people. An example at hand is that of the sale of duck soup in Beijing. Despite the high levels of growth, restaurants of fast foods have been facing the cynics’ wrath, where sometimes they have been blamed for the rise in malnutrition negative impacts like obesity, though. (Allen and Albala, 2007 p160) (b) Business life cycles As economic cycles of booms and recessions continue being a phenomenon of business environment setting in during the days Mercantilists, these cycles have become for frequent and shorter in time durations. The explosion of information technology and the following boom in the recent past periods reflect the high speed at which global economies can rise. Various organizations like in the industry of fast foods, which have moved in the direction of consumer preferences to maturation of their products’ life cycle, have as well experienced a boom. Due to this, it has reached its peak and now the trend is that of approaching a trough as the consciousness of consumers with regards to health escalates. (Secord, 2003 pp221, 222) (c) Rates of Interest Interest rates affect consumer expenditure trends. If the rates of interest are reducing, then there is an easier accessibility to funds in turn increasi ng the demand for various products. The products for which demand is affected are especially fixed assets like homes, cars and capital investments. On the other hand, if the rates of interest are on the rise, there will be slower economic growth and this affects investment levels. Socially, there is a change in

Globalisation , the World Economy and MNE's mini essay - 2

Globalisation , the World Economy and MNE's mini - Essay Example ges the expansion into the foreign markets, the following options have to be analyzed closely and critically: doing more, growth and expansion, increasing acquisitions and going global. Following the extensive research and the number of case studies done in RIM, this essay aims at understanding the effects with RIM decides to do more. Research and development play great role in ensuring that the needs of consumers are met in terms of consumer tastes, preferences, technological changes, and market trends as well as maintaining healthy competitions. RIM like any other organization has to have a team that carries out research to know what is new and to develop new enhancement to meet the requirements. RIM had already gained the success in its recruitment strategies, such as the local drive and the nationwide campus recruitment drives (Smith, 2005; Pg. 184). It majorly relies on professional networks and personal initiatives of employees who keep an ear on the ground in the name of finding new talents. Another option is to expand corporate programs to the many universities and colleges by maintaining frequent and intense graduate recruitment drives. RIM is a global renowned organization and it can use this advantage to form a scouting group that would move across all the continental markets recruiting the best talents. Canada being one of the most attractive countries to live in terms of standards of living and good economy among other benefits could attract the emerging developers from the RIM markets (Cavusgil, Knight, and Riesenberger, 2008; Pg. 122). Alternatively, RIM has posted many of its available job opportunities online in order to source for potential employees. The applications were received for positions advertised; this provided an opportunity to choose the best talents from over 800 applicants worldwide. RIM also has creative websites that do structured recruitment. The Research in Motion Company is still controlling everything at Waterloo (the

Censoring Pleas for Help Essay Example for Free

Censoring Pleas for Help Essay In Dwight Lee’s essay, â€Å"Censoring Pleas for Help,† the Georgia-based economics professor notes the strange contradiction between popular opposition to censorship and widespread support of price controls. Lee’s primary contention with this political dissonance is that it is not only ethically inconsistent, but reflects an oversight of how markets help communicate economic needs, particularly with regards to the sudden needs which emerge in the wake of natural disasters. Much of the support for price controls stems from fear of â€Å"price gouging,† which is essentially occurs when suppliers attempt to take advantage of sudden demand by raising prices to maximize profit during the period of demand. Lee notes that in his home state, there exists a price gouging law which is designed to prevent such a situation from happening by forbidding suppliers from charging more for their goods than they did the day before a disaster strikes. Lee notes that: â€Å"[†¦] building contractors and construction supplies from several states had poured into Atlanta immediately after it suffered massive tornado damage. Can anyone seriously believe that this help would have poured in from far away if the â€Å"price gouging† law had been perfectly enforced, or that the help was not reduced by the enforcement that had occurred?† (Lee 1999) The crux of Lee’s argument is that price controls are essentially a form of economic censorship which restricts the ability of prices to communicate market demands. To that end, he argues that prices are better understood as the most efficient means by which markets, such as disaster victims, communicate their need for help in the form of resources and supplies. This is not to devalue the contributions and assistance that some have provided for free, but the economic distinction made above between humanitarian aid and supply-demand response is not a trivial one. While those who provide supplies for free are to be commended, it is important to recognize the potential mistake in relying on altruism and humanitarian sensitivity as the primary forces driving resource redistribution. Such a view presumes that humanitarian aid is an objective force that responds to the needs of disaster victims efficiently. In effect, Lee’s argument is that while high prices should not be raised to wildly disproportionate levels,   allowing them to fluctuate free of price controls ensures that they can communicate needs more efficiently, for â€Å"high prices [†¦] insure that pleas for help will be met with a quick and effective response.† Complementary to his point, Lee observes that price controls censor this economic communication and effectively disrupt the ability of customers to express their needs. He notes that in Charleston, price controls prevented a local hardware store from legally being able to sell generators at a higher price nor could the locals communicate their demand to outside suppliers of generators. The result was that one hardware store owner sold one of only two generators in his possession to a friend, at the expense of groceries with a greater demand in the form of thousands of dollars worth of food that needed refrigeration. Simply put, humanitarian aid relies on the initiative of those with the resources and the sense of philanthropy to contribute to disaster relief, which is all well and good, but does not compare to the efficacy of free moving prices in expressing the demands that emerge in the wake of a natural disaster. As far as economics are concerned, price controls merely censor the ability of these sudden emergent markets to communicate those demands. Works Cited Lee, Dwight R. â€Å"Censoring Pleas for Help.† The Freeman, January 1999. Retrieved online on February 25, 2009 from: http://www.thefreemanonline.org/columns/censoring-pleas-for-help/

Butcher and His Fiend Like Queen in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essay

Butcher and His Fiend Like Queen in William Shakespeare's Macbeth I do agree with this judgement of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, but only in some aspects of the play by William Shakespeare. There are many arguments for this judgement; these will be discussed in this essay. In act one scene two Macbeth is portrayed as a heartless, merciless and brutal warrior. We get this impression of Macbeth from the report that is given to King Duncan by the captain; "For brave Macbeth (well he deserves that name) Disdaining fortune, with his brandish'd steel, which smok'd with bloody execution" this quote explains how Macbeth is a brave warrior in the face of battle and is not scared of any man. Throughout this play Macbeth has a wild ambition for power. Macbeth craves the power so much he will kill for the title of the king. Killing the king in the time of William Shakespeare is regarded as the worst crime possible. Macbeths craving for power is surfaced after he meets three evil witches in Act one scene three; who prophesise he is to be Thane of Glamis, Thane of Cawdor and to be king there after. "All hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Glamis. All hail Macbeth, hail to thee Thane of Cawdor. All hail Macbeth, that shalt be king hereafter." After hearing this Macbeth is shocked to hear this news as being Thane of Cawdor is a huge title to his ears, let alone being King. As the witches quickly move away Macbeth is curious to know more and what these creatures are speaking of: "Stay you imperfect speakers, tell me more" Macbeth wants their statements to be true and therefore tries to find out more information about what he could be in the future.... ... greedy temperaments cost them their lives, they both are never happy again because they committed the worst possible crime in Scotland, just to be king and queen for a short period of time. Therefore the description of Macbeth as a butcher is false. Butchers are heartless mean men who kill with no regret. Macbeth regrets his actions and therefore he suffers for the rest of his life. Lady Macbeth is even weaker than Macbeth in the final acts; she commits suicide whereas Macbeth faces his fate. Lady Macbeth makes out she is a strong figure and makes Macbeth look up to her with her harsh words and persuasive techniques, she is "fiend like" as she manages slyly to persuade Macbeth to commit the murder. Although Lady Macbeth does not kill Duncan she cannot handle the pressure like Macbeth and they are never happy again.

Economics; question and answer Essay

Introduction Question 1 War unrest in Middle East has negatively impacted on the price and quantity of oil in the market. The expectation of war from Syria and Iraq to spread to Middle East countries cause fear of possible shortages of supply as people may possibly do without oil. As a result people will buy more to store in preparation for future shortages. As the demand increases, price of oil goes up as people anticipate war unrest in the near future. When eventually the war sets in oil production is disrupted but people do not demand more since they had enough to cushion the scarcity (Kemp, 2013). In the graph illustration below, assuming the market was initially at the equilibrium. Since scarcity is expected in future people will by more (high demand) to spare for future. As the demand increase from 150 units to 350 units, the price also increases accordingly from $0.25 to $ 0.35. Graphical illustration    Question 2 Car and petro are complimentary good that are consumed together. Taxation on one of the complimentary products greatly influences the price of the other good. The increase in price of one good causes a corresponding decrease in the price of the other good and vice versa. For instance, taxing petrol increase its price, leading to high demand for high fuel efficient cars. Increase in demand for high fuel efficient cars results to increased price and vice versa. On the other hand increase in price for petrol leads to decrease in demand for low fuel efficient cars thus leading to their low price (Dwivedi, 2012). Many thus will buy high fuel efficient cars. Graphical illustration. Question 3 The fact that suppliers cannot sell live chicken directly to consumers coupled with the fear of mass death due to anticipated chicken flu results to high supply in the market. When supply increases beyond demand the price falls down. In addition since the health official are the only buyers a monopolistic competition comes into play since the price for chicken is not control by the market forces of demand and supply (Taylor,   &   Weerapana, 2012). The equilibrium the will shift to the right.    Graphical illustration    Question 4 Price elasticity of demand is the measure of responsive of the quantity demanded of a product to price change with other factors held ( Dwivedi, 2012). Price Elasticity of Demand (PEoD) = percentage change in quantity demanded (%ΔQ) à ·   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   percentage change in price (%ΔP) %ΔQ = 35 -50 / 50 Ãâ€"100 = -30% %ΔP = 8 -6 / 6 Ãâ€"100 = 33.33% Therefore, PEoD = -30 %/ 33.33% = -0.900 As economists we are not interested with the negative sign of our price elasticity of demand and therefore we take the absolute value. Therefore, the price elasticity of demand when price increases from $6 to $ 8 is 0.9. Interpretation. For the above case the demand for the good is price inelastic. This means that the demand for the product does not respond highly ton price changes. As evident in the computation, an increase of price by 33.3 % of the price results to a corresponding decrease of quantity demanded by 30%. The demand thus is not very sensitive to price changes. Question 5(a) Externality is an effect or a cost of the consumer behavior that may not be borne by the consumer but by the society. This mean s that the effects are caused by the consumer but the society bears the consequences. Tobacco smoking is among the activities that cause externalities. For instance narcotic in tobacco is believed to cause lung cancer to smokers. However the external cost of providing medical care to smokers is borne by non-smokers, by smokers and the government. Additionally environmental pollution due to smoking is borne by the family members of the smoker’s friends and even non-smokers strangers. Moreover, smoking has environmental externalities that involve deforestation to create room for tobacco growing.   Agrochemical used in tobacco production also adds to environmental pollution and degradation. Cigarette wastes are common in all cities, sidewalks and around homes. Although majority of these wastes are biodegradable, the filter and plastic wrappers and remain in the environment for long and the consequences of such pollution are felt by the larger society. Question 5(b) The Australian government in its attempt to control and minimize the external costs resulting from tobacco imposes high tax on tobacco. High taxation on tobacco increases the cost and as a result the demand for tobacco decreases. The tax imposed is transferred by producers to the consumers (smokers). When this happens, the demand curve will shift from right to left as indicated in the graph. Question 6 When entry barriers are eliminated in the market huge number of firms enters the industry resulting to excessive supply of commodities. In a market where entry barriers are limited the price of commodities is determined by the market forces since no firm has control over the market. Excessive supply that is created results to low prices of goods and services offered. In response the price the price goes down due to competition from other firm. As a result, the profit that firms were making initially decreases due. Graphical illustration Question 7 Oligopolistic market structures is a type of market where by small number of larger firms control the market jointly. The firms trade in almost similar goods. Oligopolistic firms do not engage in price competetion (Vives, 2001). Basing our argument on the game theory; where the actions one firm depend on those of other firms, it is evident that when for instance one firm lowers its price compared to other firms, customers will be attracted by the lower prices resulting to other firms making economical loss in their operation. In response to this the other will lower their price slighted below the initial firm eventually attracting the customers. The other firms in the market will make loss and eventually respond by making their prices much lower compared to other firms. This process continues until the firms sell at economically a low price that is illustrated by kinked curves (Vives, 2001).There to remain competitive and make profit do not engage in price competition.    Alternatives to price completion Oligopolistic firms compete by using alternative modes such as advertisement, product differentiation and barrier to entry in the market. Oligopolistic firms undertake a vigorous advertisement of their products both in national and international levels. Advertisement is made to make potential customers aware of the existence of the product in the market and the good qualities associated with such good and services (Taylor & Weerapana, 2012). Advertisement is carried out through mass media and product promotion. In addition oligopolistic firms constantly differentiate their products in terms of quality and always struggle to come up with new products design that outshine those of competitors. In the recent era, product differentiation has been enhanced by ever-growing technology and innovation. Since oligopolistic firms compete in almost similar goods and services coming up with new products with good qualities gives a firm advantage over its market rivals. For instance, phones manufacturing firms have constantly developed phone with new applications to remain competitive. Furthermore, the firms create market entry barriers to new firms, a strategy that ensures that the existing share of market. The common market barriers include the patent rights, important government franchises and the existing economies of scale. These are the barriers that ensure the market is not flooded by many firms, which in the end may reduce the existing firms’ share of the market control. References Dwivedi, D. N. (2012). Microeconomics. New Delhi, India: Pearson Education/Dorling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kindersley. Kemp, G. (2013). War with Iran: Political, military, and economic consequences. Lanham,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers Taylor, J. B., & Weerapana, A. (2012). Principles of microeconomics. Mason, OH: South-  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Western Cengage Learning Vives, X. (2001). Oligopoly pricing: Old ideas and new tools. Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.: MIT   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Press

Psychoanalysis and Transference

It is common for people to transfer feelings from their parents to their partners or children (i. e. , cross-generational entanglements). For instance, one could mistrust somebody who resembles an ex-spouse in manners, voice, or external appearance, or be overly compliant to someone who resembles a childhood friend. In The Psychology of the Transference, Carl Jung states that within the transference dyad both participants typically experience a variety of opposites, that in love and in psychological growth, the key to success is the ability to endure the tension of the opposites without abandoning the process, and that this tension allows one to grow and to transform. Only in a personally or socially harmful context can transference be described as a pathological issue. A modern, social-cognitive perspective on transference, explains how it can occur in everyday life. When people meet a new person that reminds them of someone else, they unconsciously infer that the new person has traits similar to the person previously known. This perspective has generated a wealth of research that illuminated how people tend to repeat relationship patterns from the past in the present. High-profile serial killers often transfer unresolved rage toward previous love or hate-objects onto â€Å"surrogates,† or individuals resembling or otherwise calling to mind the original object of that hate. In the instance of Ted Bundy, he repeatedly killed brunette women who reminded him of a previous girlfriend with whom he had become infatuated, but who had ended the relationship, leaving Ted rejected and pathologically rageful. This notwithstanding, Bundy's behaviours could be considered pathological insofar as he may have had Narcissistic or Antisocial personality disorder. If so, normal transference mechanisms can not be held causative of his homicidal behavior. Sigmund Freud held that transference plays a large role in male homosexuality. In The Ego and the Id, he claimed that eroticism between males can be an outcome of a â€Å"[psychically] non-economic† hostility, which is unconsciously subverted into love and sexual attraction. There is, however, no empirical evidence for Freud's viewpoint, and this hypothesis of the development of homosexuality, and the belief that it can be treated or cured by psychoanalysis, has been discredited. Transference and countertransference during psychotherapy In a therapy context, transference refers to redirection of a patient's feelings for a significant person to the therapist. Transference is often manifested as an erotic attraction towards a therapist, but can be seen in many other forms such as rage, hatred, mistrust, parentification, extreme dependence, or even placing the therapist in a god-like or guru status. When Freud initially encountered transference in his therapy with patients, he thought he was encountering patient resistance, as he recognized the phenomenon when a patient refused to participate in a session of free association. But what he learned was that the analysis of the transference was actually the work that needed to be done: â€Å"the transference, which, whether affectionate or hostile, seemed in every case to constitute the greatest threat to the treatment, becomes its best tool†. The focus in psychodynamic psychotherapy is, in large part, the therapist and patient recognizing the transference relationship and exploring the relationship's meaning. Since the transference between patient and therapist happens on an unconscious level, psychodynamic therapists who are largely concerned with a patient's unconscious material use the transference to reveal unresolved conflicts patients have with childhood figures. Countertransference[11] is defined as redirection of a therapist's feelings toward a patient, or more generally, as a therapist's emotional entanglement with a patient. A therapist's attunement to their own countertransference is nearly as critical as understanding the transference. Not only does this help therapists regulate their emotions in the therapeutic relationship, but it also gives therapists valuable insight into what patients are attempting to elicit in them. For example, a therapist who is sexually attracted to a patient must understand the countertransference aspect (if any) of the attraction, and look at how the patient might be eliciting this attraction. Once any countertransference aspect has been identified, the therapist can ask the patient what his or her feelings are toward the therapist, and can explore how those feelings relate to unconscious motivations, desires, or fears. Another contrasting perspective on transference and countertransference is offered in Classical Adlerian psychotherapy. Rather than using the patient's transference strategically in therapy, the positive or negative transference is diplomatically pointed out and explained as an obstacle to cooperation and improvement. For the therapist, any signs of countertransference would suggest that his or her own personal training analysis needs to be continued to overcome these tendencies.

What is zinc What are the benefits of zinc essay

What is zinc What are the benefits of zinc essay What is zinc? What are the benefits of zinc? essay What is zinc? What are the benefits of zinc? essayZinc is one of well-known materials, a natural component, included into the environment. By mistake, some individuals think, that metals, including zinc, are constituent parts of rock and soil, in reality they could be found in water, air and even in biosphere – plants, animals. Further, this paper will be devoted to discussion of all natural sources of zinc, with special attention to the influence it might have upon human beings, being transported via air, water and soils.Ways of transportation of zinc in the nature.The process of continuous transportation of zinc in the nature is called natural cycling. Such components of the nature as sun, wind, ice via the process of erosion are able to take some portions of zinc from zinc – containing soils and rocks and carry them to lakes, rivers and seas. The natural water resources continue the process of transportation further.   \Zinc applicationsZinc and other living organi sms on the planet.Evolution is the one of the major driving forces of the nature, it helped most of the living organisms to adapt to zinc as an integral part of the environment, some species need zinc for metabolic processes. Depending on the concrete geographical position, as well as the time of the year, the percentage of zinc concentration might differ.How people are using zincPeople are also using zinc for various needs. For example it is widely used for galvanizing iron, for negative plates in certain types of electric batteries. Often, zinc finds its application among building materials. â€Å"Some people use zinc for an eye disease called macular degeneration, for night blindness, and for cataracts. It is also used for asthma; diabetes; high blood pressure; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS); and skin conditions such as psoriasis, eczema, and acne† (Find a Vitamin or Supplement ZINC   2009). Thus there are actually two types of sources of transportation of zin c, those being natural ones and those being the result of humans’ activities and productions.Zinc fur human healthAs it was already mentioned, that zinc is an inherent element of the nature and in fact, it is also important for human health as well. There is certain quantity of this element, which should go to human organism in order for the individual not to suffer from lack of appetite, slow healing of wounds, distorted taste and smell senses and so on. â€Å"Although humans can handle proportionally large concentrations of zinc, too much zinc can still cause eminent health problems, such as stomach cramps, skin irritations, vomiting, nausea and anaemia† (Nordqvist 2014). However these rather positive effects of zinc should not be overestimated, because first of all it is necessary to consider that only elementary zinc is able to do good for living organisms including human beings; secondly it is important to know that some of the zinc constituent parts alone, like f or example cyanide or arsenate are on the top of the list of dangerous elements. Finally, the dose of zinc is vitally important, because even usual zinc or better to say, overdose of it is luckily to be toxic.ConclusionOverall, in this paper, we have briefly discussed the existence of zinc in the natural sources, the ways of possible transportation of it, including primary and secondary sources; we found out, that zinc is needed for numerous living organisms on our planet, however the dose of it is crucial, as it should not cross the concrete limit, otherwise making it toxic and dangerous.

History of Hersheys Chocolate - Milton Hershey

History of Hershey's Chocolate - Milton Hershey Milton Hershey was born on September 13, 1857, in a farmhouse near the Central Pennsylvania village of Derry Church. Milton was in the fourth grade when his Mennonite father, Henry Hershey, found his son a position as a printers apprentice in Gap, Pennsylvania. Milton later became an apprentice to a candy-maker in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, and candy-making became a passion which Milton grew to love. Milton Hershey: First Candy Shop In 1876, when Milton was only eighteen-years-old, he opened his own candy shop in Philadelphia. However, the shop was closed after six years and Milton moved to Denver, Colorado, where he worked with a caramel manufacturer and learned caramel-making. In 1886, Milton Hershey moved back to Lancaster, Pennsylvania and started the successful Lancaster Caramel Company. Hersheys Chocolate In 1893, Milton Hershey attended the Chicago International Exposition where he bought German chocolate-making machinery and began making chocolate-coated caramels. In 1894, Milton started the Hershey Chocolate Company and produced Hershey chocolate caramels, breakfast cocoa, sweet chocolate, and baking chocolate. He sold his caramel business and concentrated on chocolate-making. Famous Brands The Hershey Chocolate Company has made or currently owns many famous Hershey chocolate candies including: Almond Joy and Mounds candy barsCadbury Creme Eggs candyHersheys Cookies n Creme candy barHersheys milk chocolate and milk chocolate with almonds barsHersheys Nuggets chocolatesHersheys Kisses and Hersheys Hugs chocolatesKit Kat wafer barReeses crunchy cookie cupsMMsReeses NutRageous candy barReeses Peanut Butter CupsSweet Escapes candy barsTasteTations candyTwizzlers candyWhoppers malted milk ballsYork Peppermint Patties Hersheys Kisses chocolates were first introduced in 1907 by Milton Hershey, who trademarked the plume extending out of the wrapper in 1924. Photo Descriptions First: Heart-shaped boxes of Hersheys chocolate are displayed at Hersheys Chicago February 13, 2006, in downtown Chicago, Illinois. The store, the second retail shop for the company outside Hershey, Pennsylvania, opened in Chicago in June 2005. Business at the store has been better than anticipated leading up to Valentines Day Second: The worlds largest Hersheys Kisses chocolate is unveiled at the Metropolitan Pavilion on July 31, 2003, in New York City. The consumer-sized chocolate contains 25 calories; the worlds largest contains 15,990,900.

Public Policy - Asian American (ethic studies) Essay

Public Policy - Asian American (ethic studies) - Essay Example opulation is characterized by at least three other demographic features; emergent patterns of geographic dispersion, historic patterns of geography concentration and an on-going pattern of striking population diversity. Similar to the assertion of Ali Shariati, (Emerson 67) affirms that through the public policy and Asian Americans, most Asian Americans have attained freedom after comprehending how historical forces operate and have shaped their lives. Issues of sentencing of the coloreds, racial profiling, and abuse of women were rampant in the past. However, after pushing for freedom, it culminated into the Public policy and Asian Americans; thus, historical issues of oppression have been appropriately dealt with. Social class and class structure is prison to human beings. In a demographic survey conducted to identify the geographic distribution of Asian Americans, it became apparent that pacific islanders, a group of Asians were mainly concentrated in urban areas. Mos t of them shared common values and had similar social class structure unlike lower-income Asians. In relation to the final prison, human beings by nature have a diverse range of choices to make in life. In support of this (Emerson 87), notes that we are free as human beings either to act in the right way or wrong way. This depends on the personal choices we make in life either to cause harm or good to others. This is a prison that has been facing most Asian Americans. According to the public policy and Asian Americans, Asian youth gangs work in conjunction with gangs. Groups have thus been established to work with corrective action departments in order to sensitize police officers on issues that are specific to Asian American youth. In order to consolidate power, hegemony is necessary if not a prerequisite condition. However, contrary to the observation made by Ali Shariati, the best hegemony is one attained through consent of individuals involved. Emerson (89), bases her argumen t on

Effectiveness of Ethics Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Effectiveness of Ethics Process - Assignment Example The first ethical review process in cases where the management has demonstrated a sign of selfishness by failing to execute its primary duty will involve identifying shortcomings in the existing ethical policy. This will step will highlight the underlying reasons behind the company’s unethical conduct. The next important ethical review process will involve identifying the possible alternatives to the existing shortcomings in the ethical policy. The reason behind this move is to ensure that there are no loopholes in the current ethical policy that may be exploited by the management to perpetrate fraud. A fraudulent act will remain to be the crime whether it is contributing to a significant increase in the company revenue or not. The management of the Insurance Company was defrauding the policyholders in improving the company’s earnings. For instance, it was revealed that the insurance company made additional profits close to $40 million annually by concealing insurance p ayments. Fixing shortcomings in the existing ethical policy will ensure that management does not have the loophole to exploit the policyholders and above all the customers gets their right to insurance payment. To undertake retrospective and continuous policy review taking into consideration that it is through reviews that shortcomings in the ethical policy that may be exploited by the management can be identified. Support opportunities for transparency on the operations of the committee. This is only aimed at preventing cases of double standards in the affairs of the committee, as human beings are prone to temptations. Enhance the independence of the committee and mitigate the conflict of interest in order to ensure that the committee performs their roles and responsibilities without fear of intimidation and also to avoid instances of teaming and collusion to breach corporate ethical codes.

Marketing and Business plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing and Business plan - Coursework Example Services will be delivered to customers from the central office and at customers’ preferred location. Staff that will be hired will be trained to meet customers courteously and only those personals will be added to the team who are qualified and licensed architects. The Angles will focus on creating convenience and value for the customers. The advertising strategies will focus on print media as a medium to create awareness and promote offers and discounts to the target market. The target market will comprise of people belonging to the income levels of  £ 25,000 per annum. As understood by the management that architectural service is a onetime expense, The Angles will provide its customers with services at premium prices keeping in view the potential of target market. The Angles will be operate by the owner, Alex Ferguson, who is a qualified architect from Leeds and have experience of running businesses. He also has an experience of working in an architectural firm. The management of The Angles will minimize the operating costs by hiring employees according to the need of time. In this section, a comprehensive analysis of competitors in the architecture industry of UK, threat of new entrants, threat from buyers, threat from suppliers and threat of substitute products are presented (Hill and Jones 2009). The Angles would consider two architectural businesses in London as its major competitors. First one is the Designs, located in Central London. This architectural business offers one of the best services to its customer base dispersed all over UK and provides both online and personal visit facility to its customer base. The second major competitor of The Angles is Art Horizon which provides architecture services and consultation. The Art Horizon is specialized in providing architectural solutions to its customers keeping in view the demands of the modern times and the customers are provided with visual projection of their

The Victorian Era and the French Lieutenants Woman Essay Example for Free

The Victorian Era and the French Lieutenants Woman Essay The French Lieutenants Woman is a 1981 film of historical fiction, contrasting present day relationships, morality and industry with that of the Victorian era in the 1850s. It is an adaptation of a novel by John Fowles, the script was written by Harold Pinter. The setting is in England, Lyme and London specifically, where Charles, a Darwinian scientist is courting the daughter of a wealthy businessman. The film depicts Charles as somewhat of the laughingstock with the rich citizens of Lyme who regard his profession as folly. His future father-in-law offers him a position in his shipping company which is expanding to Liverpool and Bristol. The scenery in this portion of the film depicts frantic building going on in the background fitting with the period of the Industrial revolution. The film within a film concept has two actors playing the characters in the film The French Lieutenants Woman but also follows the actors relationship with each other. This presents a contrast between the present day (1981) with the Victorian era. In her research on the Victorian era in the film, the actress Anna states that in 1857 there were over 50,000 prostitutes in London. Sarah Woodruff, the French Lieutenants woman, is seen as a morally deficient woman, likened to a prostitute, and goes to work for a rich and pious woman. This woman, Mrs. Palfrey (I think) describes Sarahs actions of walking in the under cliffs and staring out at sea to be sinful. She states there is a vast difference between those people from the country and those from London and says there are gross disorders in the streets. This division between what is acceptable in Lyme versus London is seen when Charles is present for tea with his fiance and Mrs. Palfrey, and is scolded for his servants attraction to a country girl. There is an obvious division between the upper and lower class which is depicted in Mrs. Palfreys treatment of her servants and Sarah. The prudent relations between male and female in the Victorian era are depicted in Charles behavior towards his fiance, for example he asks permission to see her alone in the conservatory. The treatment of women during this period is demonstrated in Sarah Woodruff, that she is labeled a whore, when in fact we find out later, she was as much a virgin as Charles former fiance. Charles falls in love with Sarah Woodruff, offering to pay for an asylum for her treatment. He ends his engagement, and interestingly he has to appear in a court and be labeled a scoundrel. When Sarah Woodruff disappears, he looks in London, waiting as the factory women get out of work at 5:00 p.m. Presumably, according to the history of this era from the Longman Anthology, most workers would have gone to work as early as 4:00 a.m. that morning (1826). The faces of the women provide a poignant message of the working conditions of that period. Charles also goes to a prostitution area searching for Sarah. He does not find her there, but earlier in the film he had asked her why she didnt just leave Lyme and all the condemnation and accusations of the townsfolk. Sarah stated that if she went to London, she knew what she would become. In the film there are beggars in the streets and London is depicted as a dreary place to live. Sarah Woodruff, turns her name around to become Mrs. Roughwood and Charles eventually finds her. The contrast in this film is interesting as both actors sleep with each other though they both apparently have committed relationships. In the end, the male actor seems ready to forsake his marriage for a relationship with the actress, Anna. He mistakenly calls out Sarah when she leaves, so it appears he was having difficulty separating fact from fiction. This film was accurate historically in my opinion, with what I have read this term in the Longman Anthology which states that in the Victorian era working conditions necessitated reform in the 1840s (1793). The Atlas of Literature describes London in the period in which this film is set as gentility and beggary, great spaces and cramped crooked streets, leisure and brute work, families and orphans (96). This film did an excellent job of contrasting the idle rich in the country and the upper class in London. There was a snobbery that was emphasized, using the servants versus their masters. The condemnation of Sarah Woodruff as a fallen woman was contrasted by the facts that later came out. The stark contrasts in England during the Industrial revolution were evident in this film and I felt it was an interesting piece of historical fiction. Works Cited Bradbury, Malcolm, ed. The Atlas of Literature. New York: Stewart, Tabori and Chang, 1998. Damrosch, David, ed. The Longman Anthology of British Literature. New York: Longman, 2000. The French Lieutenants Woman. Dir. Karel Reisz. Perf. Jeremy Irons and Meryl Streep. United Artists, 1981.

Organic Evolution Essay -- theory of evolution

We act like animals, we eat like animals, and we are animals. The many theories of evolution such as Darwin's theory of evolution prove to us that we choose to believe that we are not animals when we really are. Evolution is the sequencial process of change over periods of time, which shapes and establishes the formation of modern man. In referring to evolution, the word means various changes. Evolution refers to the fabrication and development of life on earth. "Organic evolution" is the concept that all living beings evolved from simple organisms and have changed throughout the periods of time to create many and various types of species. Organic evolution is better known as the "theory of evolution." There are three main theories of evolution, which are, the early theories proposed by Comte de Buffon, Baron Cuvier, and Lamarck, the synthetic theory, and the Darwin theory.In the 1700s, French naturalists, Comte de Buffon and Baron Cuvier concluded with the studies of fossils and comparative anatomy that life on earth had endured many changes through a long period of time. In the early 1800s, another French naturalist named Lamarck, proposed the first complete theory of evolution. He observed through his observations, depending on the extent to which the use of the structure, that an animal's body structure is able to change during its life span. He also noted that organs and muscles, which were used often, tended to become larger and stronger. On the contrary, the organs and muscles, which were used seldom, tended to become smaller and diminish. With these observations, Lamarck concluded that these characteristics were hereditary. Proposed during two decades, the 1930s and 1940s, the synthetic theory involved a group of scientists. The group of scientists included two American biologists, Russian Theodosius and German Ernst Mayr, and the British geneticist and statistician Ronald A. Fisher. Together, they proposed the synthetic theory which combined Darwin's theory of natural selection with the ideals of genetics. In 1808, French naturalist Chevalier de Lamarck contemplated a theory of evolution, although, his theory of evolution did not gain any recognition until 1858. In 1858, British naturalist Charles R. Darwin furnished his theory of evolution, also known as Darwin's theory. Along with Darwin's theory of evolution there early theories and t... .... The Neanderthal Man was a survivor. It had a cranial capacity, which was similar in size to modern humans. The Neanderthal Man had basic advances in life style. The Neanderthal Man made basic clothes and constructed tools of advanced design. The Cro-Magnon Man is regarded has the first fine artist on earth. Proof of this fine artistry is that of rich records of accomplishments in cave paintings, which Cro-Magnon made. He made these records From stone engravings and carved figures. Cro-Magnon amazingly spread to all habitable parts of the world. Modern Man, us, has learned from the teaching and evolvement of the Cro-Magnon. We have learned to grow our own food and domesticate our animals. In addition we possessed the control over the environment and created cites and established civilizations. We act like animals, we eat like animals, and we are animals. The many theories of evolution such as Darwin's theory of evolution prove to us that we choose to believe that we are not animals when we really are. With the amazing changes and evolvement our species has undergone and as the twenty first century approaches us, who knows what forms of evolutionary change will come of us.

Heart of Darkness Parallels

Heart of Darkness V Apocalypse Now The fictional novel Heart of Darkness by author Joseph Conrad is a book written in first person. The setting of the novel is in the Congo Jungle, with most of the book occurring on the Congo River. The novel describes Marlow’s story and his many strange encounters while traveling up the Congo River. Marlow is on a mission to retrieve the very successful ivory merchant Kurtz, who has been separated from his company. Heart of Darkness deals with themes of colonialism, racism, and savagery. While also exploring the potential darkness that can be seen in the heart of man.Apocalypse Now is a movie directed by Francis Coppola came out in 1979. It is set at the height of the Vietnam War. U. S. Army Captain Willard is sent on a top secret mission into the jungles of Cambodia. His mission is to seek out and destroy Colonel Kurtz, who is believed to have gone completely insane. The novel Heart of Darkness and the movie Apocalypse Now have many parallel s. Both works follow the same story line but presented in completely different contexts. Even though Apocalypse Now is based upon the book, there are still many differences in themes, characters, and events.The largest of these differences is the setting and time of the two works. While watching Apocalypse Now the viewer is able to observe many scenes that are similar with the novel Heart of Darkness. One of the most apparent of these scenes is when the natives attack the men on the boats. After the attack Coppola and Conrad both use fog to show the uncertainty the characters have in regards to completing their tasks. The men in the novel begin to randomly shoot into the jungle once the attack begins. They are unable to see their attackers so they are shooting completely blind.After the attack is over a large cloud of smoke from the men’s guns floating in front of the boat. Marlow then continues to lead the men of the boat blindly up the Congo River. In Apocalypse Now after t he attack by the natives, a fog also surrounds the boat. In the movie the fog is used to represents Willard’s thoughts. Captain Willard is not sure whether what he is doing is worthwhile. He has no idea what he is getting himself into; one of his men has just died without even knowing the purpose of his mission. The fog in both stories is used to represent the leader’s uncertainty of their missions.In both Apocalypse Now and Heart of Darkness madness is represented during the attack. In the novel the Helmsman goes crazy and in the novel Chief is the character that succumbs to madness. In Heart of Darkness when the natives attack the boat the Helmsman begins to go crazy, jumping up and down going absolutely mad during the attack, acting like a complete animal. He begins shaking his empty rifle and screaming at the men on the shore he is unable to see. In the movie, Chief begins to go mad when he realizes that not even Willard knows the location of where they are headed. When the boat is to be attacked by the natives with harmless arrows the Chief goes absolutely absurd. Screaming at the shores completely exposing himself to his attackers. A huge mistake because as soon as Chief exposes himself a spear that turns out to be deadly hits him. There are many parallels between the novel Heart of Darkness and the movie Apocalypse Now. Throughout the entire movie there are scenes that are nearly identical to the novel. During the attack seen parallels with fog and madness can be seen in both Apocalypse Now and Heart of Darkness.

Effects of Social Media on testing ability

As a society we are constantly connected to the world around us. The accurate definition Is explained best by Boyd and Allyson. 2007 â€Å"SONS or Social Networking System Is a web-based service that allows individuals to construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. This system or software is made up of all social networking sites some of which are Faceable, Mainstream, Twitter, Tumbler, Snatch, and the list goes on. It Is clear that we live In a world where we have access to any piece of information at any given time during the day. With this boom of technology It Is becoming harder and harder for us to disconnect from the world around us. There is very little chance to decompress have access by not only our computers, but also our phones now have APS that allows us to connect to social media at any giv en time of the day or night.The question is does this constant access of information and constant staying on social media affect our performance as students? Prospectus The Higher Education Research Institute in 2007 reported that ninety four percent of first year college students use social networking websites. In 2005 research by Macrobiotics and kepi revealed, â€Å"Eighty five percent of students at a large research university had accounts on Faceable, the most popular social networking site. † This leads us to the question does this way of revolving around social media impact our daily lives and the way we function?The National Sleep Foundation conducted a survey to reveal if there was a correlation between long hours of social media use and if it affected sleep habits along with performance levels. To be able to function properly one's sleep is Just as viable as the basic needs such as food and water. Before the big boom of technology humans lived much simpler lives. Fo r example, before the invention of computers, cellophanes, and even motor vehicles people had a more organic and natural way of life. Even the food they put into their bodies was untarnished by chemicals.Technology is intended to make one's life better; however like many things that are used in excess it becomes unhealthy. When these forms of social media affect our sleep cycle we maybe dealing with an addiction that must be managed. Lead researcher Diana Tamari of a recent Harvard study told the Los Angles Times, â€Å"l think the study helps to explain why people utilize social media websites so often. I think it helps explain why Twitter exists and why Faceable is so popular, because people enjoy sharing information about each other (Nature,2012). Diana Tamari was involved in a study conducted by Harvard University, which sought the answers to why social media was so addictive. The answer to their question turned out to be very a simple one. People are addicted to talking about their problems. They found in researching â€Å"That the act of disclosing information about oneself activates the same part of the brain that is associated with the sensation of pleasure, the same pleasure that we get from eating food or getting money (Nature, 2012). I say all of this to lead to the main point of our own research; social media is addictive. When social media becomes a problem and affects our basic needs such as sleeping patterns; the problem flows over into our daily lives. To simply state it our performance levels will decrease. In a study done by Christina J. Calamari, PhD, Thornton B. A. Mason, MD, PhD, MACE, Sarah J. Radcliff, PhD. , â€Å"Teenagers getting 8 to 10 hours of sleep on school nights tended to have 1. – to 2-fold lower multitasking indices compared with those getting less sleep.Thirty-three percent of the teenagers reported falling asleep during school. † Research is proving that social media is unhealthy. This problem did not escala te quickly overnight, but has been slowly evolving monster that has grown into a problem that must be dealt with. Kirsches and Sharkskin (2010, p. 1238) claim that â€Å"Students tend to participate in such website activities while doing their homework so that it may have negative effect on their academic achievements by interrupting them from the learning process.Therefore, between SONS usage and student academic performance shown at schools and universities. Many doctors, websites, self-help books, etc. Tell us that social media is a huge leader in sleep loss, however in Sleep Care's article on social media and sleep they write that they believe social media can cause individuals to get more, effective sleep. â€Å"Faceable has over 1 billion users worldwide while Twitter had over 500 million last year and is quickly growing every day'(Sleepwear, 2014).This goes without saying that a big chunk of the world is connected to one social media site or another. In order to be engaged in a social media site, one must â€Å"follow' or â€Å"like† another. They continue with, â€Å"Social media enables an individual to feel supported from individuals closely tied to their lives and from friends and family afar† (Sleepwear,2014). By connecting with people who share similar interests and opinions a person who actively utilizes social media finds oneself in an overall better state of mind.This relates directly to better sleep because having a peaceful mind when lying down to go to bed is essential in a good night's sleep. In 2010 media headlines read: minor Friends Can Make You Fat. Reading these headlines, researchers at US San Diego and Harvard studied the correlation between social networks, sleep patterns and drug usage, after much research and hours of examination they discovered, â€Å"The use of social networks by adolescents influences sleep patterns, sleep deprivation, and drug use† (Beers 2010). Why is the sleep cycle important?What occ urs during the sleep cycle that is so valuable to the human body? â€Å"Stage 1 is the beginning of the sleep cycle, and is a relatively light stage of sleep in which the brain produces high amplitude theta waves, which are very slow brain waves. Stage 2 is the second stage of sleep and lasts for approximately 20 minutes. The brain begins to produce bursts of rapid, rhythmic brain wave activity known as sleep spindles. This stage was previously divided into stages three and four. Deep, slow brain waves known as delta waves.Most dreaming occurs during the fourth stage of sleep, known as rapid eye movement (ERM) sleep† (Cherry, 2011) These stages of sleep are very valuable for the wellbeing of humans. These processes allow us to recuperate from the day and heal. The body can physically heal itself by resting. The same concept applies to the mind. Once the technology is finally set aside most young adults only receive approximately five hours of sleep per night. Sleep deprivatio n is the reason why in this day and age there are more mishaps and â€Å"slip-ups† than ever before.With the lack of sleep one's comprehension skills are severely lacking. When it is time to sleep individuals around the world grab their phones. Peg Fitzpatrick surveyed 1,000 online individuals thus finding, â€Å"Our Faceable and Twitter activities continue even after we've hit the hay, with forty-eight percent of respondents checking in on activity when they wake p in the middle of the night or as soon as they wake up in the morning (Fitzpatrick 2011). In her online blob, Peg Fitzpatrick asked many friends about how social media affects their sleeps habits.Sadly, many of her friends responded with low affects because they have -in few words?grown immune to social media. They check their social media sites every night in the same amount of time so their body is used to getting that same amount of sleep. Social media has affected these friend's sleep habits. They have been a part of the world of social media so long that their body has accepted it as a part of the daily routine. With easy access to sites responsibility to bedroom may result in sleep loss, delays in initiating sleep, daytime sleepiness and more,† says researcher Teresa Roar.Those who said they usually connected to friends online before getting into bed reported sleeping an average of â€Å"8 hours and 10 minutes a night compared with 9 hours and 2 minutes among those who never connected† (Thomson & Reuters 2014). Studies also show that sleep loss can lead to a variety of other problems such as: obesity, depression, high blood pressure, difficulty regulating emotions and lower grades. Kids who frequently viewed TV before bed were four times more likely to report waking up several times during the night than non-viewers, and frequent social networks were three times more likely to wake up a lot.Researchers reported in Sleep Medicine, † kids who regularly played video gam es or listened to music at bedtime had significantly more difficulty falling asleep† (Thomson & Reuters 2014). Another factor that also may play into the problem is when a device with access to social media is near the bedtime pillow, people tend to wake up throughout the night. Some tend to immediately return to leap but others may stay away for an hour or more in the middle of the night on social media before they return to sleep. This growing problem may seem insignificant, but over time this continual routine is unhealthy for the body.The life of a student, no matter what age, takes a toll on the body. Deadlines to meet, Jobs to do, activities to plan, activities to attend, homework to complete, grades to maintain, etc. The life of a student is often either all about freedom or all about grades. This is because as students we are learning what actions to take in order to have a balanced life. Sleep is one area that is often neglected by young adults because there is more o n the plate than ever before. The society of today is fast paced and demanding. In order to stay in control one must lose a few hours of sleep to stay ahead of the game.What is the accurate definition of sleep and rest? It is referred to as, â€Å"The period in which the basic metabolic rate decreases, soft tissue and muscles are relaxed and revalidated, and the brain is able to process things that have been learned during the day (Clifford, 2007). Harvard Women's Health Watch states, â€Å"There are six reasons for eating enough sleep, namely for improved learning and memory, maintenance of metabolism and weight, increased safety, enhanced mood, cardiovascular health and boosting up the immune system† (Fanned, 2013). With any choice comes an appropriate consequence.Depending on the choice the consequences could be positive or negative. When an individual decides to push off sleep for whatever reason negative consequences follow?sickness, a drop in school performance, a nega tive or poor attitude, and an exhausted body. In a 2009 study Tracker noticed that students experiencing sleep deprivation try to avoid more difficult tasks. Also, they often are not aware that the difficulties they are experiencing academically can be directly related to their poor sleep habits. This can often lead to frustration and depression due to the low-test scores they are receiving.This would explain the commonly heard comment, â€Å"l can't understand why I did so badly, I spent all the previous day studying† (Engle-Friedman, 2003; Filcher, 1997). In 2013 an experiment was put into action to identify the factors affecting quality of sleep, and assess the impact of low quality sleep on the daily activities of students. The Results of social Edie follow: â€Å"Non-users of social networking, such as Faceable, MANS, and Twitter, 0. 5-2 hours a day had the best sleep quality among the groups, but the result again cannot be taken into consideration due to the non-signif icant p value (p= 0. 42) ( Fanned, 2013). † Even though social media is relatively new, it has found itself into the daily lives of many young students. With most media distractions are not uncommon. People see social media as way to relax, but are blinded by the negative effects that it has on their health and even on their grades. A large-scale study by the Kaiser Family Foundation (Beers,2012) found that, â€Å"teens spent fifty three hours per week engaged with some form of electronic media. † That's more than seven hours per day. Most of the time spent was during the night when the volunteer is in bed.Research also shows that lack of sleep has been linked with mood swings during the day. Social media has a negative impact in that it influences friends in a network. It has also brought about a sleep disorders such as sleep testing. This is a recent development. The brain is hardwired to do what it is become adapted to. In this age brains are coming more and more ada pted to staying on computers and cellophanes all day long. This practice has drifted over into our sleeping habits. This is not only a distraction to the one who is doing it but also to the one who receives the text because the alert wakes them up in the middle of the night.The brain cannot function at maximum capacity when it is weary. This causes one who loses sleep to perform poorly on test and during their daily activities. In the research done by Dry. Rubin Had, social media effects on sleep are analyzed in the life of young students. Sleep is a vital necessity such as eating a proper diet, drinking plenty of eater, and exercising daily. Dry. Had also shows that poor quality sleep negatively affects a person's physical, psychological and emotional well being and leads to poor job performance.She goes on to further explain how sleep is like a cave you have to enter, this meaning that each human body has to prepare itself for the sleep cycle. A person must develop a routine to he lp their body to shut down and begin to recuperate. By adding light from computers or cellular devices the body is not able to properly shut down for the night. The light from laptops or cellular devices causes the brain to be confused. When the brain senses darkness it connects this with sleep so it makes the hormone melatonin. This hormone makes us sleepy.When a student is on a computer the brain is tricked by the light, believing that it is earlier than it usually is. Because of this it takes a student longer to merge into the ERM cycle. â€Å"The college student needs about eight hours of sleep. When a college student puts down their cellular device they can therefore get more sleep. † (Pipsqueaks, 2013). Method To conduct this study, participants will be recruited on the Blue Mountain College campus. Participants will be comprised of eighteen and older, male and female, rotational and nontraditional college students.We will recruit the participants by word of mouth, sign s posted around campus and the incentive of coffee and doughnuts. The participants will be required to sign a consent form to the study, answer demographic questions, take the short survey and not talk about the survey to friends. Upon request noted on the demographic form, participants can be emailed the surveys results, which will be the debrief section of the study. This study is designed to figure out if prolonged hours of social media use at nighttime will affect test scores the next morning.Total hours spent on social media will be test complied with demographic questions and five questions from the fifth grade level language arts section of the Mississippi Curriculum Test (MAC). Testing will take place in the student lounge between the hours of on varies days, to which we will take participants at any time during that block of time. Participants can score between O and 100 on the MAC section and that score will then be compared to the total amount of time they stated they spe nt on social media in the demographic section.We believe higher test scores will show a lower amount of nightly social Edie use and lower test scores will show a higher usage of social media. Results The survey we conducted involved sixty-two volunteers. Group A participants spent less than one hour on social media the night before and group B spent anywhere from an hour to over six hours. The purpose for our testing was to create a correlation between low comprehension skills and late hours spent on social media. Our hypothesis stated that students who spent more time on social media would make a lower grade than those who did not.Figure 1. 1 is a scatter plot to show the range of test scores from our 62 participants. Figure 1. 1 Figure 1. 2 The break down of hours spent on social media per individual is seen in figure 1. 2. Majority of hours that were spent on social media falls between less than an hour and two hours. For this reason we created two groups and compared their test scores to each other. The total hours grouped can be viewed in figure 1. 3. Out of the 62 participants 47% spent less than an hour on social media and 53% spent an hour or more on social media. Figure 1. The correlation of our survey shows our hypothesis to be false. The two-tailed P value equals 0. 1683, which is 16%. By conventional criteria, this difference is insider to be not statistically significant because it is not less than . 05 and thus not supporting our claim. The mean of Group One less than 1 hour minus Group Two greater than 1 hour equals 9. 67, 95% confidence interval of this difference: From -4. 20 to 23. 53. Participants who spent less time on social media approximately had the same average as those who spent more than two hours on social media.Figure 1. 4 below displays the statistical data from the study. Mean. 24 57. 58 SODS. 09 28. 97 SEEM 4. 66 5. 04 N 29 33 Figure 1. 4 Discussion The Age of Information is here and it is here to stay. As a result, our social m edia use is steadily on the rise. The purpose of the study was to see if prolonged usage of social media at night affects our comprehension skills the proceeding morning. This research is important because if people are aware of the effects that social media could have, they might reduce the amount of time they spend on different networks.Our hypothesis was, if a student spends two or more hours on social media before entering their sleep cycle it would negatively affect their test scores the following day. After conducting the experiment, our team found no correlation between hours spent n social media the night before and low comprehension skills. We found many factors in need of improvement throughout our experiment. If time allowed a pilot study would have been ideal to allow for us to discover things that we might fix before conducting the study.Also, we could have fine-tuned our data collection method and made sure we were selecting the proper statistical analyses. One of our initial plans was to incorporate the experimenters' GAP in order to determine if the student had a learning disability. However, when making out the test samples, we chose not to add a blank for the test takers to insert their GAP. Additional reading comprehension questions would have been helpful for us to determine if the student had any reading or learning disabilities. Also, incorporating a variety of questions could have better helped our results.The demographic portion of our test became a distraction for the test takers. The amount of demographic questions that was asked seemed to bombard the participants of the study. Fewer questions could possibly have been more helpful in this instance. In our attempt to mask our study we ended up causing our participants to rush through the numerous demographic questions. Another factor that hurt the results of our study was the number of participants who refrained from social media. Our data was skewed due to a low number of participants who spent less than one hour on a social media website.The location we chose to conduct the experiment could have been moved to an area better fitted for testing. Instead, we chose a central location in one of the buildings on campus. Many people came in and out of our testing room. This offered many distractions for our participants. The constant flow of traffic allowed the volunteers to be distracted. Having a quieter environment could have helped our test takers focus more. In our tests. The group's definition of social media was clearly explained. We spread the word about our experiment in a timely manner so that the majority of students on campus were made aware of our experiment.Also, we provided multiple days for students to come in so that testing did not interfere with their class schedules. We offered donuts and coffee, which were effective incentives for the students. Our experiment could be useful for other groups studying sleep by helping them better calculate the corr elation between social media use and sleep habits. For future studies we will need to develop a more effective way to study the effects of prolonged social media use on students so that we will have more accurate results.

Robert Frost

It has been said many times that all men have a common bond, or a thread that joins them together. Robert Frost ¹s poem  ³The Tuft of Flowers ² explores the existence of such a bond, as experienced by the speaker. In the everyday circumstance of performing a common chore, the speaker discovers a sense of brotherhood with another laborer. Frost contrasts a sense of aloneness with a sense of understanding to convey To understand the setting of the poem, one must first understand how grass was mowed in the time period in which the poem was written (1906). Grass was mostly mowed by hand using a scythe. The mowing was often done in the dew of the morning for better mowing. This left the grass wet, and it needed to be scattered for drying. The phrase turning the grass refered to the scattering of the grass for drying. In  ³The Tuft of Flowers, ² the speaker has gone out to turn the grass. Whoever did the mowing is already gone, for there are no signs of his presence. The speaker is alone. Then, a butterfly catches the speaker ¹s attention, and leads his gaze to a tuft of flowers, which the mower chose to leave intact. The patch of beauty left by his fellow worker causes the speaker to feel that he is no longer alone. There is a sense of understanding between the speaker and the mower, because an appreciation of beauty unites them. Frost uses peaceful images to relate the feeling of his poem. The setting is in a grassy field with a brook running through it. The tranquil feeling is added to by a silent butterfly, who searches for a flower upon which to land. In keeping with the peaceful surroundings, Frost speaks of a long scythe  ³whispering to the ground, ² and of hearing  ³wakening birds around. ² The speaker also listens for a whetstone  ³on the breeze ² to determine if there is anyone around, and

When She Finally Woke Up †Personal Narrative

When She Finally Woke Up – Personal Narrative Free Online Research Papers It had been three years since my mom had been in a committed relationship and she seemed to be enjoying her life of freedom. She loved to dance, so as many nights as possible, she would hit the dance clubs with her friends and dance the night away. It certainly kept her slim and trim and at 5’10† she definitely made heads turn. Mom always made sure she dressed very stylish and her makeup and hair had to be perfect. She dated, but no one really appealed to her enough to take her away from her fancy-free single-parent life. Mom worked for a large company and when the opportunity came her way, she put in for a job change that would bring her more money. Shortly after moving to her new job, she invited a few of her coworkers to the house for a â€Å"get to know each other† party. Bill was a guy who stood out, but not in a positive way. Mom shared with me that she stayed as far away from him as possible and that suited her just fine. He was too loud, too silly, and homely. Bill had a splotchy red complexion, and hair that was glued together with hairspray. If he got caught in a 50 mile-an-hour wind storm, his hair would all move at as a single unit. After avoiding Bill for several weeks, one day my mom overheard him talking to someone who appeared to be having a problem. Mom said that Bill was so understanding and compassionate, that it really took her back for a minute. Was this that guy who didn’t have a serious bone in his body? Obviously there was another side to this person that she had not expected. As you got to know Bill you realized he wasn’t just the clown that kept everything light and fun. He was that guy who always had a shoulder to cry on and would drop everything to help someone in need. It seems almost unheard of these days when someone is willing to forget what they are doing or where they are going, to just give you their time freely. This was the first thing that seemed to draw her to him and it was obvious that her feelings for him were growing stronger and stronger. Mom said she could talk to Bill about anything and sometimes their discussions went on for hours. Mom told me he was an avid reader, so he would tell her things she had never heard of before. He would tell her about science and what things we might see happen in the future, explain to her how the battles began in the Middle East, and he was well versed on just about any subject you can think of. Maybe her admiration of him went too deep. I began to feel that Mom had such an elevated opinion of Bill’s wisdom, it overpowered her own self-confidence. When Mom and Bill did anything, it was going to happen how Bill wanted it to or it wasn’t going to happen at all. If he got up early, she had to get up too. If they went somewhere together, they left when Bill was ready. Her friends and family, including my sister and me, began to see less and less of her. If they spent time with anyone, it was usually Bill’s circle of friends or family. I felt like I had lost my Mom. She had always been so strong and independent; it was hard for me to see her this way. How could she have let this person have such total control of her for five long years, completely unchecked? I remember the day mom came home from her sociology class and told me what her instructor had said. He was talking to the class about how he is an â€Å"early bird† and his wife is a â€Å"night owl†. Mom jumped on this one and asked him how he handled that. He said he would get up early and read his paper, have a cup of coffee and would let his wife sleep in. If someone had slapped her right in the face, it couldn’t have woken her up any more than that instructor’s words. She realized there were caring people out there who actually let you be yourself? Of course there were! She just needed to remember what her life was like before Bill. Better yet, before she lost herself. Of course, the relationship disintegrated when she began to demand things that she wanted, but at least Mom was free to be herself again. If I can’t have a love relationship that allows both of us to be who we are, I can live without it and I know Mom can too! Research Papers on When She Finally Woke Up - Personal NarrativeNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Masque of the Red Death Room meanings19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraThe Spring and AutumnComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoCapital PunishmentHip-Hop is ArtPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever Product

The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading

The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading The Difference Between Copyediting and Proofreading By Mark Nichol Many people confuse these two distinct editorial skills, but it’s important to recognize how they differ, and why. The most obvious distinction is the form the medium takes. Copyediting, once performed by making marks and writing revisions on a typewritten manuscript, is now generally carried out by entering changes in a word-processing program like Microsoft Word. Proofreading, by contrast, is done on a facsimile of the finished product a proof, hence the name. Proofreading is usually still completed on hard copy with a pen or pencil, but it’s sometimes accomplished by electronically marking up a PDF (a file created with Adobe’s Portable Document Format; that’s where the initials come from). But that’s just the beginning. The copy editor’s task is to finesse a writer’s prose so that it observes all the conventions of good writing. A writer may be skilled at explaining a procedure or verbally depicting a scene, but the copy editor is the one who makes sure the manuscript’s syntax is smooth, that the writing adheres to the conventions of grammar, and that wording is proper and precise and punctuation is appropriate and correctly placed. The copy editor may also do or suggest some reorganizing, recommend changes to chapter titles and subheadings, and call out lapses in logic or sequential slip-ups. This attention is especially important when the content editor the person who helps the writer shape their prose has minimal time (or skill) or is absent altogether. All the while, if the project is a book manuscript, an extensive report, or something else of significant length, the copy editor compiles a style sheet, a statement of overall editorial policy (serial comma, or no? numbers spelled out, or in numeral form?) and a record of idiosyncratic word usage. (Just how do you spell fuggedaboudit? According to the style sheet, just like that every time.) Many style sheets also list all proper nouns to make sure names are always spelled and capitalized consistently, though search functions and spell-checking programs have rendered that usage somewhat superfluous. The proofreader, by contrast, is assigned to check a reproduction of what the finished product will look like. And the task is not revision, but correction making sure that no typographical errors remain from the manuscript or were introduced in the production stage. New text, such as captions, for example, is often entered separately and may not have been edited. Alternatively, an element anything from a letter to a paragraph or more may have been inadvertently omitted or repeated, or misplaced. Because most text is copied and pasted directly from an electronic document, this mishap is unlikely but not unknown. Then there are esthetic issues: too many end-of-line hyphens in a row, or a word broken in half at the end of a column or page, or a widow (a very short final line of a paragraph at the top of a column). The proofreader is also the main beneficiary of the style sheet’s compilation. Hey, it’s fuggedaboutit on page 37, and fuggedaboudit on page 59. Which one’s correct? The second spelling, according to the style sheet. Proofreaders are also expected to check page numbers or recurring copy at the top or bottom of a page that identifies a section in a periodical or a chapter or book title. They make sure the font and type size and weight for one text element matches another element of that class. They double-check that photo captions match the content of the photographs or that when text refers to a table, a chart, or a figure, the graphic element consists of what the text says it does and they proof that element, too. Proofreaders may also catch grammatical errors or inconsistency of style, and they are often given some leeway to change or at least call out egregious errors, but they’re generally constrained by not being permitted to revise the text in any way that adds or subtracts the number of lines on a page, because doing so may adversely affect the graphic design. In summary, copyediting is a more qualitative skill and proofreading is more quantitative, though there’s quite a bit of overlap, and someone who does well at one often succeeds at the other as well. Proofreading usually pays less and is a pathway to copyediting, but many editors (myself included) do both. To save time or money or both, many print and online publishers alike have curtailed or abandoned either stage (or, worse, both stages) of the editing process and it’s almost invariably obvious. But there are still enough people out there who value rigorous attention to detail in written expression that the copyediting and proofreading professions aren’t going anywhere, and adept practitioners will remain in demand. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Freelance Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 Idioms with Heart5 Brainstorming Strategies for Writers20 Clipped Forms and Their Place (If Any) in Formal Writing